Voice of America, 30 November 1995

From: [email protected] (Ioannis Bousnakis)

Voice of America Directory

CONTENTS

[01] THURSDAY'S EDITORIALS BY ANDREW N. GUTHRIE (WASHINGTON)

INTRO: A PREPONDERANCE OF LOCAL ISSUES DOMINATES THE EDITORIALS OF THE NATION'S LARGEST AND MOST INFLUENTIAL NEWSPAPERS THIS FINAL DAY OF NOVEMBER. AMONG THE FEW TOPICS OF NATIONAL AND INTERNATIONAL INTEREST, EDITORIAL WRITERS ARE COMENTING ON: THE ROLE OF GOVERNMENT; SIGNS OF PROGRESS IN IRELAND; THE ON-GOING WHITEWATER PROBE; THE PLANNED RETIREMENT OF THE MOST SENIOR FEMALE MEMBER OF CONGRESS, AND CONTROVERSY OVER HUMAN RIGHTS VIOLATIONS IN GUATEMALA. NOW, HERE IS _________________ WITH TODAY'S U-S EDITORIAL DIGEST.

TEXT: TODAY'S "ATLANTA CONSTITUTION", IN ITS LEAD EDITORIAL, JOINS THE DEBATE OVER THE ROLE OF THE FEDERAL GOVERNMENT IN THE CLOSING YEARS OF THE 20TH CENTURY.

VOICE: IN THE PAST FEW YEARS, CONSERVATIVES QUIETLY HAVE EMBRACED THE NOTION THAT GOVERNMENT IS A POWERFUL AGENT FOR SOCIAL CHANGE, AN IDEA THEY ONCE DISMISSED AS LIBERAL NONSENSE. [OPT] JUST LAST WEEK, HOUSE SPEAKER NEWT GINGRICH BLAMED THE HORRIBLE MURDER OF A PREGNANT ILLINOIS WOMAN AND TWO OF HER CHILDREN ON WHAT HE CALLED 'THE WELFARE STATE.' GOVERNMENT, [MR.] GINGRICH SUGGESTED, CREATED THE CONDITIONS THAT CAUSED THAT TRAGEDY. [END OPT] ... CONVERSELY, CONSERVATIVES ARGUE, A MORE 'GODLY' GOVERNMENT WOULD REINSTITUTE SCHOOL PRAYER, REIN IN MEDIA EXCESSES, IMPOSE SOCIAL DISCIPLINE AND GENERALLY PRODUCE A FAR BETTER MORAL CLIMATE IN THIS COUNTRY. ... BUT JUST AS GOVERNMENT CANNOT SOLVE ALL OF OUR PROBLEMS, GOVERNMENT CANNOT BE BLAMED FOR ALL OF OUR PROBLEMS. THE CHANGES THAT HAVE CONFUSED AND FRIGHTENED SO MANY AMERICANS ARE BEING DRIVEN NOT BY GOVERNMENT BUT BY THE GLOBAL ECONOMY, NEW TECHNOLOGY, DEMOGRAPHICS AND A RESTLESS POPULAR CULTURE."

TEXT: SEVERAL PAPERS ARE TAKING NOTE OF THE APPARENT IMPETUS PRESIDENT CLINTON'S TRIP TO IRELAND IS HAVING ON THE STALEMATED PEACE TALKS THERE BETWEEN SINN FEIN, THE I-R-A'S POLITICAL WING, AND THE BRITISH GOVERNMENT. TODAY'S "NEW YORK TIMES" COMMENTS:

VOICE: "THE AGREEMENT ANNOUNCED IN LONDON ... TUESDAY NIGHT BY PRIME MINISTERS JOHN BRUTON OF IRELAND AND JOHN MAJOR OF BRITAIN PROVIDES A WELCOME NUDGE TO THE PEACE EFFORT IN NORTHERN IRELAND. THAT DRIVE WAS DANGEROUSLY STALLED UNTIL PRESIDENT CLINTON'S VISIT TO LONDON AND BELFAST 'CONCENTRATED THE MIND,' AS MR. MAJOR PUT IT, AND THE BRITISH AND IRISH GOVERNMENTS TRIED TO BREAK THE DEADLOCK... PERHAPS THE MOST ENCOURAGING DEVELOPMENT IS THAT THE BRITISH AND IRISH GOVERNMENTS ARE ACTING TOGETHER AGAIN ON NORTHERN IRELAND, AFTER A DANGEROUS RIFT."

TEXT: "NEWSDAY" ON NEW YORK'S LONG ISLAND ALSO NOTES THE U-S PRESIDENT'S INFLUENCE IN THE ULSTER PEACE EFFORTS:

VOICE: "EVERYONE INVOLVED DENIES FOR THE RECORD THAT PEACE TALKS ON NORTHERN IRELAND INCHED FORWARD THIS WEEK BECAUSE OF PRESSURE FROM PRESIDENT BILL CLINTON, EVEN THOUGH HE PLANNED TO VISIT THE PLACE TODAY. BUT BRITAIN'S PRIME MINISTER JOHN MAJOR CONCEDED THAT 'THE FACT .... THE PRESIDENT WAS COMING CONCENTRATED THE MIND ' - - AND NOT JUST [MR.] MAJOR'S BUT IRISH PRIME MINISTER JOHN BRUTON'S AS WELL. WHATEVER THE REASON, THE MINI BREAKTHROUGH WAS WELCOME."

TEXT: WITH REGARD TO THE CONGRESSIONAL INQUIRY INTO CLINTON ADMINISTRATION HANDLING OF AN ALLEGED FINANCIAL FRAUD CASE IN ARKANSAS, KNOWN COLLECTIVELY AS WHITEWATER HEARINGS, "THE WALL STREET JOURNAL" NOTES:

VOICE: "WE HOPE THE CLINTON PEOPLE MAKING OUR POLICY IN BOSNIA AREN'T DRINKING THE SAME WHITE HOUSE WATER AS THE ONES WHO APPEARED TUESDAY BEFORE SENATOR D'AMATO'S WHITEWATER COMMITTEE. THESE PEOPLE CAN'T REMEMBER ANYTHING. MEETINGS? WHAT MEETINGS? PERSONAL NOTES? BEATS ME. ... DENIALS, MEMORY FAILURES, IMPROPER TRANSMISSION OF ... INFORMATION AND DOCUMENTS, WITHHELD MEMOS, UNDISCLOSED MEETINGS. SENATOR D'AMATO HAS GIVEN US ANOTHER CHAPTER IN THE EXTRAORDINARY SAGA OF A CROWD ACTING LIKE IT HAS SOMETHING TO HIDE."

TEXT: THE LEAD EDITORIAL IN TODAY'S "DENVER POST" CONCERNS THE ANNOUNCEMENT WEDNESDAY BY COLORADO'S VETERAN CONGRESSWOMAN, PAT SCHROEDER, THAT SHE WILL NOT SEEK ANOTHER TERM.

VOICE: "DURING HER 23 YEARS IN CONGRESS, COLORADANS LEARNED THERE WERE TWO PAT SCHROEDERS. FOR OUR PART, WE'LL MISS THEM BOTH. THE NATION SAW PAST SCHROEDER AS A HIGH-PROFILE CRUSADER FOR THE UNDERDOGS OF THE WORLD. SHE CHAMPIONED THE RIGHTS OF WOMEN AND MINORITIES AND FOUGHT TO CLEAN UP POLITICS... BUT RESIDENTS OF HER DISTRICT ALSO SAW ANOTHER PAT SCHROEDER -- THE HIGHLY EFFECTIVE 'TAKE CARE OF BUSINESS IN MY DISTRICT' POLITICIAN... GOODBYE, PAT -- AND THANKS FOR A JOB WELL DONE."

[ END OPT ]

TEXT: "THE MIAMI HERALD" COMMENTS TODAY ON THE CONTROVERSY SURROUNDING A CLINTON ADMINISTRATION OFFICIAL WHO GAVE A MEMBER OF CONGRESS CLASSIFIED INFORMATION ABOUT C-I-A ACTIVITIES IN GUATEMALA.

VOICE: "WHICH IS THE MORE MORAL (OR THE 'ONLY' [ITALICS FOR EMPHASIS] MORAL) THING TO DO: KEEP SILENT RATHER THAN REVEAL TO A MEMBER OF CONGRESS SECRET INFORMATION ABOUT U-S COMPLICITY IN THE MURDERS OF ONE AMERICAN CITIZEN AND THE HUSBAND OF ANOTHER? OR TELL THE CONGRESSMAN AND THEREBY RISK A CRIMINAL INVESTIGATION FOR REVEALING SECRET INFORMATION. ... THIS IS NO HYPOTHETICAL SITUATION FOR RICHARD NUCCIO, SPECIAL ADVISER ON CUBA TO THE PRESIDENT AND SECRETARY OF STATE. HE'S UNDER CRIMINAL INVESTIGATION FOR ALLEGEDLY TELLING U-S REPRESENTATIVE ROBERT TORRICELLI (A NEW JERSEY DEMOCRAT) THE IDENTITY OF A C-I-A INFORMANT, GUATEMALAN ARMY COLONEL JULIO ROBERTO ALPIREZ... EVEN IF A LAW INDEED HAD BEEN BROKEN, IT WAS A MINOR TRANSGRESSION COMPARED WITH THE HIGHER, MORAL GOOD THAT THE REVELATION SERVED: IT UNMASKED THE C-I-A'S COMPLICITY IN THESE MURDERS."

TEXT: FINALLY, ON ANOTHER FOREIGN TOPIC, "THE NEW YORK POST" CONCLUDES THAT THE RECENT ELECTION IN ALGERIA VINDICATED THAT COUNTRY'S TOUGH POLICY AGAINST ISLAMIC EXTREMISTS.

VOICE: "THE GOVERNMENT OF ALGERIA CERTAINLY UNDERSTANDS WHAT'S AT STAKE IN DEALINGS WITH ISLAMIC FUNDAMENTALISTS; IT HAS BEEN ENGAGED IN A NO-HOLDS-BARRED [ESPECIALLY BRUTAL, WITHOUT RULES] CIVIL WAR AGAINST THE RADICAL ISLAMIC SALVATION FRONT FOR FOUR YEARS, A WAR IN WHICH SOME 50-THOUSAND PEOPLE HAVE LOST THEIR LIVES... NOW ... THE TOUGH-MINDED APPROACH IDENTIFIED BY THE ALGERIANS AND THE EGYPTIANS HAS BEEN VINDICATED. IN FACT, THE ALGERIAN ISLAMIC SALVATION FRONT, EMBARRASSED BY THE ABJECT FAILURE OF ITS ATTEMPT TO ORGANIZE AN ELECTION BOYCOTT, HAS DROPPED ITS DEMANDS FOR POWER-SHARING. THAT'S A VICTORY FOR ... MODERATION IN THE MIDDLE EAST."

TEXT: AND THAT CONCLUDES THIS BRIEF SAMPLING OF EDITORIALS APPEARING IN THURSDAY U-S DAILY NEWSPAPERS.

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30-Nov-95 11:22 AM EST (1622 UTC)
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Source: Voice of America
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[02] BOSNIA BY DAN NOBLE (WASHINGTON)

INTRO: AN ADVANCE TEAM OF AMERICAN SOLDIERS ARRIVED IN BOSNIA WEDNESDAY TO PREPARE FOR THE APPROXIMATELY 20-THOUSAND AMERICAN TROOPS WHO ARE EXPECTED TO JOIN OTHER NATO PEACE-IMPLEMENTATION FORCES IN THE BALKAN REGION. AMERICAN MILITARY PARTICIPATION IN BOSNIA REMAINS THE SUBJECT OF A NUMBER OF OPINION COLUMNS APPEARING IN THURSDAY'S NEWSPAPERS. _________________ OFFERS THIS DIGEST OF THOSE COMMENTS.

TEXT: JONATHAN LANDAY, WRITING IN THE CHRISTIAN SCIENCE MONITOR, POINTS OUT THAT "THE UNITED STATES AND ITS NATO ALLIES ARE GEARING UP FOR A MISSION IN BOSNIA-HERZEGOVINA UNPRECEDENTED IN MILITARY HISTORY: KEEPING RIVAL ARMIES APART LONG ENOUGH TO ALLOW THE RETURN OF PEACE TO A COUNTRY RIVEN BY ALMOST FOUR YEARS OF WAR..." MR. LANDAY SAYS "NOT ONLY MIGHT THE (NATO FORCES) HAVE TO FIGHT THOSE WHO OPPOSE THE PEACE DEAL REACHED ON NOV. 21 IN DAYTON, OHIO, BUT THEY ALSO FACE OTHER THREATS RANGING FROM DISGRUNTLED WAR-PROFITEERS AND MILLIONS OF SNOW-COVERED LAND MINES TO FROSTBITE AND MUDDY MOUNTAIN ROADS."

GARY ANDERSON, A MARINE CORPS OFFICER, WROTE A COLUMN THAT APPEARS IN TODAY'S WASHINGTON TIMES. HE NOTES THAT: "THE POTENTIAL U-S INTERVENTION IN BOSNIA TO IMPLEMENT THE PEACE AGREEMENT IN THE FORMER YUGOSLAVIA HAS GAINED THE SUBJECT OF NON-LETHAL WEAPONS SOME PARTICULAR ATTENTION." HE SAYS, "UNFORTUNATELY, MUCH OF THE HYPE SURROUNDING THE POTENTIAL USE OF THESE WEAPONS HAS BEEN ASSOCIATED WITH THE PERCEPTION THAT U-S TROOPS WILL BE FORCED TO USE STICKY FOAMS AND INCAPACITATING NETS AGAINST FOES ARMED WITH LETHAL WEAPONS. THE SPECTER CREATED IS ONE OF U-S TROOPS STARING DOWN PROVEN KILLERS WITH THE HIGH-TECH EQUIVALENT OF 'SUPER (WATER GUN) SQUIRTERS'; THAT IS SIMPLY NOT THE CASE." ACCORDING TO THE MILITARY OFFICER, "THE U-S ARMED FORCES VIEW NON-LETHAL WEAPONS AS AN ALTERNATIVE TO LETHAL FORCE IN SITUATIONS WHERE NON-LETHAL FORCE CAN SAVE THE LIVES OF CIVILIANS CAUGHT IN THE MAELSTROM OF CONFLICT." HE SAYS "THERE IS ABSOLUTELY NO BASIS TO THE NOTION THAT THE U-S DEFENSE ESTABLISHMENT VIEWS THE USE OF NON-LETHAL WEAPONS AS AN ALTERNATIVE TO FIGHTING AND WINNING ON THE BATTLEFIELD IN A LETHAL MANNER WHEN THE NECESSITY ARISES."

ROBERT D. NOVAK, A SYNDICATED COLUMNIST WHOSE WORK APPEARS IN THE WASHINGTON POST AND OTHER NEWSPAPERS, TELLS READERS THAT SENDING AMERICAN FORCES TO BOSNIA IS -- IN HIS WORDS -- "NO MINOR UNDERTAKING." ACCORDING TO MISTER NOVAK: "DEFENSE DEPARTMENT SOURCES LAUGH AT THIS ADVENTURE'S ADVERTISED PRICE TAG OF ONE AND A HALF BILLION DOLLARS." HE SAYS "EVEN IF LIMITED TO ONE YEAR, THE OPERATION REALLY WILL COST MORE LIKE FOUR-POINT-FIVE BILLION DOLLARS. COUNTING IN THE AIR FORCE AND LOGISTICAL SUPPORT, U-S FORCES IN BOSNIA ARE EXPECTED TO NUMBER 40-THOUSAND TO 50-THOUSAND, RATHER THAN 20-THOUSAND. AS FOR THE GETTING OUT BY NEXT NOVEMBER," SAYS MR. NOVAK, "EUROPEAN OFFICERS WITH EXPERIENCE IN THE BALKANS BELIEVE THIS COULD BE THE WORK OF DECADES. OF COURSE," CONTINUES THE WRITER, "THE UNITED STATES WILL NOT STAY FOR DECADES, AND EVERYBODY KNOWS IT -- INCLUDING UNPRINCIPLED LOCAL WARLORDS. BUT HOW WILL PRESIDENT CLINTON LEAVE BOSNIA ONCE HE HAS ENTERED THERE?"

IN AN ESSAY HEADLINED "THE POLITICS OF BOSNIA," WILLIAM SAFIRE OF THE NEW YORK TIMES SAYS THAT "ON THE BALKANS, THE SITTING PRESIDENT HAS MADE HIS BELATED DECISION TO INTERVENE. NOW THE FOCUS SHIFTS TO THE SHADOW PRESIDENT; WE WILL SEE HOW (SENATE MAJORITY LEADER) BOB DOLE ARISES TO THE OCCASION." MR. SAFIRE NOTES THAT FOR THREE YEARS SENATOR DOLE'S POSITION HAS BEEN CLEAR-CUT AND CONSISTENT: "LIFT THE EMBARGO AGAINST ARMING THE VICTIMS NO MATTER WHAT OUR ALLIES SAY, AND STRIKE FROM THE AIR AT THE INVADING SERBS DURING BOSNIA'S BUILDUP. INSTEAD," SAYS WILLIAM SAFIRE, "PRESIDENT CLINTON COMMITTED GROUND TROOPS TO ENFORCE A CEASEFIRE. NOW SENATOR DOLE HAS THREE CHOICES: ACTIVELY TO RALLY SENATE SUPPORT FOR MR. CLINTON'S RISKY MODE OF INTERVENTION; ACTIVELY TO OPPOSE IT AS THE WRONG WAY TO DO THE RIGHT THING, OR PASSIVELY TO WAIT FOR THE PRESIDENT TO SELL HIS DECISION TO THE NATION."

JAMES P. PINKERTON IS THE AUTHOR OF A NEW BOOK TITLED "WHAT COMES NEXT: THE END OF BIG GOVERNMENT -- AND THE NEW PARADIGM AHEAD". HE TAKES A LOOK AT THE POLITICAL CONSEQUENCES OF SENDING AMERICAN TROOPS TO BOSNIA FROM A HISTORICAL PERSPECTIVE. WRITING IN TODAY'S LOS ANGELES TIMES, MR. PINKERTON SAYS: "THE DEMOCRATIC PRESIDENT, CONCERNED ABOUT TROUBLES IN EUROPE, RELUCTANTLY SHIFTED HIS ATTENTION AWAY FROM DOMESTIC REFORM. ALL THIS AS HE WAS GEARING UP FOR A REELECTION BATTLE AGAINST RESURGENT REPUBLICANS." MR. PINKERTON CONTINUES, "THE COMMANDER IN CHIEF TOOK HIS CASE TO THE PEOPLE, CO-OPTED THE OPPOSITION AND SO PREVAILED IN CONGRESS. THUS DID FRANKLIN D. ROOSEVELT CONFRONT FASCISM -- AND WIN REELECTION -- IN 1940. NO DEMOCRAT HAS BEEN ELECTED TO MORE THAN ONE TERM SINCE."

THIS CONCLUDES ANOTHER EDITION OF A SPECIAL VOICE OF AMERICA SERIES ON THE VIEWS OF AMERICAN NEWSPAPER COLUMNISTS WRITING ON DEVELOPMENTS IN BOSNIA AND THE PLANNED DEPLOYMENT OF U-S TROOPS THERE.

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30-Nov-95 9:32 AM EST (1432 UTC)
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Source: Voice of America
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[03] BOSNIA/SARAJEVO (L) BY DAVID FOLEY ( SARAJEVO )

INTRO: THE BOSNIAN FOREIGN MINISTER HAS REJECTED CALLS BY THE FRENCH PRESIDENT FOR SPECIAL SECURITY GUARANTEES FOR THE RESIDENTS OF SERB-HELD SARAJEVO, AND U-N OFFICIALS SAY THE BOSNIAN SERBS HAVE STOPPED OBSTRUCTING AID DELIVERIES TO THE GORAZDE ENCLAVE AFTER THE U-N MILITARY COMMANDER IN BOSNIA THREATENED TO USE FORCE TO KEEP THE ROAD OPEN. DAVID FOLEY REPORTS FROM SARAJEVO.

TEXT: RESIDENTS OF SERB-HELD SARAJEVO ARE ONTINUING TO DEMONSTRATE AGAINST THE DAYTON PEACE AGREEMENT, WHICH CALLS FOR THEIR NEIGHBORHOODS TO BE TURNED OVER TO GOVERNMENT CONTROL. THIS IS THE MOST DIFFICULT AND POTENTIALLY DANGEROUS PART OF THE PEACE DEAL TO IMPLEMENT.

IN A LETTER TO PRESIDENT CLINTON, FRENCH PRESIDENT JACQUES CHIRAC SAID THE PEACE AGREEMENT DID NOT PROVIDE SUFFICIENT GUARANTEES TO THE SERBS. HE SAID INTERNATIONAL TALKS SHOULD BE OPENED IMMEDIATELY TO PREVENT WHAT HE CALLED A DEGRADATION OF THE SITUATION.

BUT THAT SUGGESTION WAS QUICKLY DISMISSED IN SARAJEVO BY THE BOSNIAN FOREIGN MINISTER, MOHAMED SACIRBEY. SPEAKING AT A SIGNING CEREMONY AT WHICH BOSNIA AND GREECE ESTABLISHED FORMAL DIPLOMATIC RELATIONS, MR. SACIRBEY SAID HE EXPECTED THE HAND OVER TO PROCEED SMOOTHLY.

WE HAVE FULL CONFIDENCE THAT THE TRANSITION WILL COME PEACEFULLY. THE PEOPLE ON THE OTHER SIDE NOW ARE BEING MANIPULATED.

BUT THE BOSNIAN GOVERNMENT IS STRUGGLING TO CONVINCE THE SERBS TO REMAIN IN THEIR HOMES AFTER THE HANDOVER. IT WILL BE FRENCH TROOPS THAT WILL HAVE TO DEAL WITH THE REPERCUSSIONS IF SOME SERBS DECIDE TO RESIST.

THE BOSNIAN GOVERNMENT SAYS SERB WOMEN AND CHILDREN WILL BE SAFE. BUT MANY OF THE MEN -- ALMOST ALL OF WHOM ARE IN THE BOSNIAN SERB ARMY -- COULD BE ARRESTED FOR WAR CRIMES.

DESPITE THOSE FEARS, MR. SACIRBEY INSISTED THE BOSNIAN GOVERNMENT WILL FULLY PROTECT THE SERBS' CIVIL RIGHTS AND HE WARNED AGAINST ANY EFFORT THAT MIGHT MAKE THE SERBS THINK THE PEACE AGREEMENT COULD BE CHANGED.

YOU DO NOT NEED MORE PROTECTION TO PROTECT FROM PROTECTION. WHAT YOU NEED IS PEOPLE BECOMING COMFORTABLE AND EDUCATED REGARDING WHAT THEIR FUTURE IS. I WOULD CAUTION THOSE WHO SPEAK FROM THE OUTSIDE THAT THEY NOT IN FACT RE-OPEN PANDORA'S BOX: WITH RESPECT TO MAPS, WITH RESPECT TO ANY ADJUSTMENTS TO THE PEACE PLAN.

DESPITE THE PEACE PLAN AND THE CEASE-FIRE, SARAJEVO IS STILL TENSE. ON WEDNESDAY MORNING U-N OFFICIALS THREATENED TO USE FORCE AGAINST THE BOSNIAN SERBS AFTER THEY REPEATEDLY OBSTRUCTED AID DELIVERIES TO THE GOVERNMENT-CONTROLLED EASTERN ENCLAVE OF GORAZDE. THE U-N SPOKESMAN, ALEX IVANKO, SAID THE SERBS HAD OBVIOUSLY UNDERSTOOD THE THREAT.

TWO CONVOYS YESTERDAY WENT TO GORAZDE, ONE FROM BELGRADE, ONE FROM SARAJEVO. BOTH WITHOUT ANY INCIDENTS, OR WITHOUT EVEN BEING STOPPED AT ANY OF THE CHECKPOINTS. THE CONVOY FROM SARAJEVO WAS THE FASTEST EVER TO GO TO GORAZDE AND BACK.

WITH THE FIRST FEW NATO TROOPS NOW ON THE GROUND IN BOSNIA THERE REMAIN TROUBLING QUESTIONS ABOUT WHETHER ALL SIDES ARE PREPARED TO ACTUALLY MAKE THE COMPROMISES THAT LASTING PEACE WILL REQUIRE. (SIGNED)

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30-Nov-95 3:49 PM EST (2049 UTC)
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Source: Voice of America
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[04] BOSNIA SITREP (L) BY WAYNE COREY (VIENNA)

INTRO: A U-S DIPLOMATIC TEAM IS IN SARAJEVO FOR FOLLOW-UP TALKS WITH THE BOSNIAN GOVERNMENT ON THE NEW PEACE AGREEMENT FOR BOSNIA-HERZEGOVINA. V-O-A'S CENTRAL EUROPEAN CORRESPONDENT, WAYNE COREY, REPORTS.

TEXT: THE U-S TEAM IS HEADED BY CHRIS HILL. HE ASSISTED RICHARD HOLBROOKE, THE CHIEF U-S MEDIATOR AT THE YUGOSLAV PEACE TALKS THAT LED TO A PEACE AGREEMENT FOR BOSNIA LAST WEEK.

MR. HILL SAYS HIS TEAM WANTS TO DISCUSS WITH THE BOSNIAN GOVERNMENT SOME OF THE ISSUES DISCUSSED AT THE PEACE TALKS IN PREPARATION FOR THE AGREEMENT TO BE SIGNED IN PARIS DECEMBER 14TH. HE SAYS HE HAS VISITED BELGRADE AND WILL GO TO ZAGREB AFTER HE AND HIS TEAM COMPLETE THEIR TALKS IN SARAJEVO.

WHILE U-S DIPLOMATS MEET WITH THE BOSNIAN GOVERNMENT, AN AMERICAN MILITARY ADVANCE TEAM IN BOSNIA-HERZEGOVINA IS PREPARING FOR THE ARRIVAL OF 20-THOUSAND U-S TROOPS.

THE U-S MILITARY TEAM, HEADED BY COLONEL JOHN BROWN, IS CONSIDERING HOW MANY AMERICAN SOLDIERS AND HOW MUCH EQUIPMENT SHOULD BE DEPLOYED IN AND AROUND THE TOWN OF TUZLA. THE NORTHEASTERN BOSNIAN TOWN IS TO BE THE HEADQUARTERS FOR THE U-S CONTINGENT OF NATO FORCES HELPING TO IMPLEMENT THE BOSNIAN PEACE AGREEMENT.

MILITARY SOURCES SAY THE U-S TROOPS, WHO ARE TO BE SENT TO BOSNIA IN DECEMBER, COULD BE SUPPORTED BY LOGISTICS FORCES IN CROATIA AS WELL AS BY A PLANNED SUPPORT BASE IN SOUTHERN HUNGARY.

ONE SOURCE SAYS THE U-S MILITARY PRESENCE IN CROATIA COULD BE SIZABLE, BUT HE SAYS FIRM DECISIONS STILL HAVE TO BE MADE. (SIGNED)

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30-Nov-95 10:15 AM EST (1515 UTC)
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Source: Voice of America
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[05] CONGRESS-BOSNIA ONITER (S-ONLY) BY DAVID SWAN (SENATE)

INTRO: THE U-S CONGRESS CONTINUES HEARINGS FRIDAY ON THE USE OF AMERICAN TROOPS AS PEACEKEEPERS IN BOSNIA-HERZEGOVINA, WHICH MANY LAWMAKERS OPPOSE BUT CONCEDE THEY CAN NOT STOP. V-O-A'S DAVID SWAN HAS DETAILS.

TEXT: SENATE MAJORITY LEADER BOB DOLE CALLS THE OPERATION A MISTAKE, SAYING HE HAS REAL CONCERNS ABOUT U-S CASUALTIES. BUT LIKE MANY OF HIS REPUBLICAN COLLEAGUES, MR. DOLE SAYS CONGRESS CAN NOT HALT THE MISSION AND SHOULD STAND BEHIND THE TROOPS.

THE PRESIDENT AND SENIOR ADVISORS HAVE REPEATEDLY SAID THEY WILL PROCEED WITH THE DEPLOYMENT WHATEVER THE CONGRESS DOES. IF WE WOULD TRY TO CUT OFF FUNDS WE WOULD HARM THE MEN AND WOMEN IN THE MILITARY WHO HAVE ALREADY BEGUN TO ARRIVE IN BOSNIA. SO WE SHOULD FIND A WAY IF POSSIBLE TO SUPPORT THE AMERICAN MEN AND WOMEN IN UNIFORM.

THE SENATE STARTS DEBATE ON A RESOLUTION OF SUPPORT NEXT WEEK. MR. DOLE AND OTHERS WANT ASSURANCES THE TROOPS WILL REACT FORCEFULLY TO ANY ATTACK, AND THAT BOSNIANS WILL BE ABLE TO DEFEND THEMSELVES WHEN NATO PEACEKEEPERS LEAVE.

IN THURSDAY'S HEARINGS, OFFICIALS TESTIFIED THE ALLIED EFFORT CAN NOT SUCCEED WITHOUT THE AMERICANS. MORE THAN 30-THOUSAND WILL DEPLOY IN AND AROUND BOSNIA, STARTING JUST AFTER A PEACE AGREEMENT IS SIGNED. (SIGNED)

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30-Nov-95 4:45 PM EST (2145 UTC)
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Source: Voice of America
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[06] E-U U-S (L) RE-ISSUE BY JOHN FRASER (BRUSSELS)

INTRO: PRESIDENT CLINTON MOVES ON TO MADRID SUNDAY, FOR A SUMMIT WITH THE EUROPEAN UNION. THE MEETING WILL SEE THE LAUNCH OF A NEW ERA OF TRANSATLANTIC COOPERATION IN AREAS RANGING FROM TRADE, TO DEMOCRACY, HUMAN RIGHTS AND HEALTH. MR. CLINTON WILL ALSO MEET IN MADRID WITH SPANISH PRIME MINISTER FELIPE GONZALEZ. JOHN FRASER REPORTS FOR VOA NEWS FROM BRUSSELS.

TEXT: THE AIM IS TO ENSURE THAT EUROPE AND AMERICA DEVELOP A NEW RELATIONSHIP IN THE POST COLD-WAR ERA WHICH IS AS STRONG AS THE ONE WHICH KEPT EUROPE SECURE DURING THE DAYS OF THE SOVIET EMPIRE.

THE NATO ALLIANCE WILL CONTINUE TO FORM THE BASIS FOR TRANSATLANTIC MILITARY COOPERATION, WITH THE PLANNED OPERATION IN BOSNIA PROVIDING PROOF THAT NATO IS AS RELEVANT TODAY AS IT HAS EVER BEEN. HOWEVER, THE EUROPEAN UNION ALSO WANTS TO IMPROVE RELATIONS WITH THE UNITED STATES IN A NUMBER OF NON-MILITARY AREAS AS WELL. ON THE DIPLOMATIC FRONT, BOTH SIDES WILL COOPERATE MORE CLOSELY IN CEMENTING THE PEACE IN THE MIDDLE EAST, BY PROMOTING ACCORDS BETWEEN THE ISRAELIS AND THEIR NEIGHBOURS IN SYRIA AND LEBANON.

THERE WILL ALSO BE ENCOURAGEMENT BY EUROPE AND AMERICA OF FREE TRADE ACCORDS BETWEEN THE COUNTRIES OF THE REGION. ANOTHER PRIORITY REGION IS CENTRAL AND EASTERN EUROPE, WHERE THERE IS A LOT OF WORK TO DO TO TRANSFORM THE ECONOMIES OF THE FORMER SOVIET BLOC STATES, TO PREPARE MANY OF THEM FOR EVENTUAL MEMBERSHIP OF THE E-U AND NATO.

COMMISSIONER LEON BRITTAN EMPHASISED THE IMPORTANCE OF GREATER COOPERATION BETWEEN THE EUROPEAN UNION AND THE UNITED STATES IN EXPANDING WORLD TRADE AND IMPROVING ECONOMIC RELATIONS. AND HE EMPHASISED THE IMPORTANCE TO BOTH SIDES OF THE TRANSATLANTIC RELATIONSHIP.

THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE EUROPEAN UNION AND THE UNITED STATES IS AND REMAINS THE MOST IMPORTANT INTERNATIONAL RELATIONSHIP FOR BOTH THE UNITED STATES AND FOR EUROPE. THE FACT THAT WE ARE ANNOUNCING IN SO FORMAL AND SUBSTANTIAL A WAY THE MODERNIZATION OF THAT RELATIONSHIP REFLECTS THAT FACT.

OTHER AREAS OF PARTNERSHIP BEING BOOSTED BETWEEN EUROPEAN AND AMERICA INCLUDE FOSTERING HUMAN RIGHTS AROUND THE WORLD, AND ENCOURAGING DEMOCRACY. THERE E-U BELIEVES THERE IS ALSO A LOT TO BE DONE IN PREVENTING THE PROLIFERATION OF NUCLEAR, CHEMICAL AND BIOLOGICAL WEAPONS.

AND THE EUROPEAN UNION AND THE UNITED STATES COULD IMPROVE THE EFFECTIVENESS OF THEIR HUMANITARIAN AID BY COOPERATING MORE CLOSELY. JOINT ACTION IS ALSO ENVISAGED IN COMBATTING ILLEGAL IMMIGRATION, INTRYING TO PREVENT THE SPREAD OF AIDS AND OTHER SERIOUS DISEASES, AND IN TACKLING THE INTERNATIONAL MENACE OF DRUGS SMUGGLING. YOU NAME IT: EUROPE AND AMERICA WILL SOON BE WORKING TOGETHER ON IT. (SIGNED)

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30-Nov-95 4:06 PM EST (2106 UTC)
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Source: Voice of America
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[07] GERMANY / BOSNIA (L ONLY) BY KYLE KING (BONN)

INTRO: GERMAN FOREIGN MINISTER KLAUS KINKEL SAYS HIS NATION'S TROOPS WILL FACE A DANGEROUS JOB WHEN THEY JOIN THE NATO PEACEKEEPING MISSION FOR BOSNIA-HERZEGOVINA. BUT V-O-A'S KYLE KING IN BONN REPORTS MR. KINKEL SAYS THE COUNTRY MUST STAND BEHIND THE DEPLOYMENT, WHICH WILL BE LARGEST OF ITS KIND FOR GERMANY SINCE WORLD WAR TWO.

TEXT: SPEAKING IN A PARLIAMENTARY DEBATE CARRIED ON NATIONAL TELEVISION, FOREIGN MINISTER KINKEL SAID SOME GERMAN TROOPS COULD DIE SERVING WITH THE NATO-LED PEACEKEEPING FORCE.

HE SAID THE MISSION WOULD BE DANGEROUS AND GERMAN TROOPS NEEDED THE WIDEST-POSSIBLE SUPPORT FROM THE PUBLIC AND FROM PARLIAMENT.

CHANCELLOR HELMUT KOHL'S GOVERNMENT, WHICH FORMALLY DECIDED ON THE DEPLOYMENT TUESDAY, IS VIRTUALLY ASSURED OF VICTORY WHEN THE PARLIAMENT VOTES ON THE MATTER NEXT WEEK.

BUT THE DECISION HAS NOT BEEN EASY. STILL HAUNTED BY ITS NAZI PAST, GERMANY HAS BEEN SLOWLY SHAKING OFF ITS POST-WAR RELUCTANCE TO PLAY A MORE ACTIVE ROLE IN WORLD AFFAIRS.

MOST OF THE SOLDIERS TAKING PART IN THE UPCOMING NATO MISSION WILL BE FROM LOGISTICS, TRANSPORT, AND MEDICAL UNITS. NEARLY ALL WILL BE BASED IN CROATIA, TO AVOID DREDGING UP THE MEMORIES OF NAZI ATROCITIES COMMITTED AGAINST SERBS ONE-HALF CENTURY AGO.

FOR THE PACIFIST GREENS PARTY, THE ISSUE WILL BE DEBATED AGAIN THIS WEEKEND WHEN THEY HOLD A NATIONAL CONGRESS TO DECIDE IF MILITARY FORCE IS NEEDED TO HELP KEEP PEACE IN THE BALKANS.

PARTY LEADERS VOTED THIS WEEK TO OPPOSE THE GOVERNMENT'S PLAN TO CONTRIBUTE TROOPS TO THE NATO MISSION. BUT GREEN'S PARLIAMENTARY LEADER JOSCHKA FISCHER MADE A FORCEFUL CASE IN SUPPORT OF SENDING TROOPS.

HIS POSITION, WHICH HAS THE BACKING OF ABOUT HALF THE PARTY MEMBERSHIP, IS A FAR CRY FROM PARTY PRINCIPLES RULING OUT THE USE OF FORCE EVEN TO PROTECT HUMAN RIGHTS. DESPITE THE HEATED RHETORIC, GREENS PARTY LEADERS HAVE PLAYED DOWN THE POSSIBILITY OF A SPLIT OVER THE ISSUE. (SIGNED)

NEB/KBK/JWH/RAE
30-Nov-95 10:38 AM EST (1538 UTC)
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Source: Voice of America
.

[08] PERRY/BOSNIA (L-O'NITER) BY DAVID GOLLUST (ANDREWS AIR FORCE BASE)

INTRO: PRESIDENT CLINTON'S TOP NATIONAL SECURITY ADVISERS GO TO CONGRESS TODAY (THURSDAY) TO TRY TO BUILD SUPPORT FOR THE UNITED STATES' LEAD ROLE IN BOSNIAN PEACEKEEPING. SECRETARY OF STATE WARREN CHRISTOPHER, DEFENSE SECRETARY WILLIAM PERRY, AND MILITARY JOINT CHIEF OF STAFF CHAIRMAN GENERAL JOHN SHALIKASHVILI APPEAR IN HOSE HEARING TODAY AND IN THE SENATE FRIDAY. VOA'S DAVID GOLLUST HAS DETAILS.

TEXT: THE PRESIDENT'S NATIONAL SECURITY TEAM WILL TRY TO CONVINCE A SKEPTICAL CONGRESS THAT THE ADMINISTRATION'S 12-MONTH TARGET FOR IMPLEMENTING PEACE IN BOSNIA AND WITH DRAWING FORCES IS REASONABLE.

BUT THEY ALSO INTEND TO WARN LAWMAKERS THAT IF THE UNITED STATES IS PREVENTED FROM PLAYING THE LEAD ROLE IN THE PROCESS, PLANS FOR NATO'S PEACE IMPLEMENTATION FORCE -- AND THE HARD-WON DAYTON PEACE ACCORD ITSELF -- WILL COLLAPSE.

DEFENSE SECRETARY PERRY, SPEAKING TO REPORTERS ENROUTE HOME FROM THE NATO DEFENSE MINISTERS' MEETING IN BRUSSELS, SAID IN THE ABSENCE OF THE NATO-LED PEACEKEEPING OPERATION, THE RESUMPTION OF WAR IN THE BALKANS IS A VIRTUAL CERTAINTY.

AND HE SAID IT IS MORE THAN A THEORETICAL POSSIBILITY THAT FIGHTING WOULD SPREAD THROUGHOUT THE BALKANS AND FORCE THE WESTERN ALLIES TO INTERVENE UNDER MUCH MORE DANGEROUS CIRCUMSTANCES THAN ARE FORSEEN IN THE CURRENT PLAN.

MR. PERRY SAID THE NATO PEACE FORCE, EXPECTED TO BEGIN DEPLOYING IN BOSNIA BY MID-DECEMBER, WILL DEMONSTRATE BY BOTH WORDS AND DEEDS TO BOSNIAN SERBS UNHAPPY WITH THE DAYTON ACCORD THAT IT WILL BE EVEN-HANDED.

WE WILL NOT GO IN AS COWBOYS, PROVOKING ATTACKS MR. PERRY SAID. BUT HE ALSO SAID THAT IF THE SERBS OR OTHERS ATTACK THE PEACEKEEPERS THEY WILL DRAW AN IMMEDIATE AND VERY STRONG RESPONSE.

MR. PERRY AND OTHER OFFICIALS IN HIS ENTOURAGE PROVIDED NEW DETAILS ABOUT THE SCOPE OF THE ANTICIPATED U-S MILITARY ROLE. THEY SAID THAT IN ADDITION TO THE 20-THOUSAND AMERICAN TROOPS WHO WILL GO TO BOSNIA AS PART OF THE NATO-LED FORCE, ANOTHER FIVE THOUSAND WILL BE IN CROATIA, AND SEVEN THOUSAND MORE INVOLVED IN SUPPORT OPERATIONS IN ITALY, HUNGARY AND OTHER COUNTRIES IN THE REGION.

WITH THE HUNGARIAN PARLIAMENT HAVING GIVEN ITS APPROVAL WEDNESDAY, THE UNITED STATES WILL USE A RAIL JUNCTION NEAR PECS, HUNGARY, AS ITS MAIN STAGING GROUND FOR THE MOVE INTO BOSNIA.

ELEMENTS OF THE U-S ARMY'S FIRST ARMORED DIVISION NOW TRAINING IN GERMANY WILL BEGIN ARRIVING IN BOSNIA WITHIN A DAY OR TWO OF THE SIGNING OF THE PEACE ACCORD IN PARIS.

U-S OFFICIALS SAY HALF THE AMERICAN FORCE WILL BE IN POSITION WITHIN THREE WEEKS, AFTER THE SIGNING OF THE PEACE ACCORD, WITH THE ENTIRE DEPLOYMENT PROCESS TO BE FINISHED WITHIN SIX TO EIGHT WEEKS. (SIGNED)

NEB/DAG/LWM
29-Nov-95 10:00 PM EST (0300 UTC)
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Source: Voice of America
.

[09] PERRY/BOSNIA (L-O'NITER) BY DAVID GOLLUST (ANDREWS AIR FORCE BASE)

INTRO: PRESIDENT CLINTON'S TOP NATIONAL SECURITY ADVISERS GO TO CONGRESS TODAY (THURSDAY) TO TRY TO BUILD SUPPORT FOR THE UNITED STATES' LEAD ROLE IN BOSNIAN PEACEKEEPING. SECRETARY OF STATE WARREN CHRISTOPHER, DEFENSE SECRETARY WILLIAM PERRY, AND MILITARY JOINT CHIEF OF STAFF CHAIRMAN GENERAL JOHN SHALIKASHVILI APPEAR IN HOSE HEARING TODAY AND IN THE SENATE FRIDAY. VOA'S DAVID GOLLUST HAS DETAILS.

TEXT: THE PRESIDENT'S NATIONAL SECURITY TEAM WILL TRY TO CONVINCE A SKEPTICAL CONGRESS THAT THE ADMINISTRATION'S 12-MONTH TARGET FOR IMPLEMENTING PEACE IN BOSNIA AND WITH DRAWING FORCES IS REASONABLE.

BUT THEY ALSO INTEND TO WARN LAWMAKERS THAT IF THE UNITED STATES IS PREVENTED FROM PLAYING THE LEAD ROLE IN THE PROCESS, PLANS FOR NATO'S PEACE IMPLEMENTATION FORCE -- AND THE HARD-WON DAYTON PEACE ACCORD ITSELF -- WILL COLLAPSE.

DEFENSE SECRETARY PERRY, SPEAKING TO REPORTERS ENROUTE HOME FROM THE NATO DEFENSE MINISTERS' MEETING IN BRUSSELS, SAID IN THE ABSENCE OF THE NATO-LED PEACEKEEPING OPERATION, THE RESUMPTION OF WAR IN THE BALKANS IS A VIRTUAL CERTAINTY.

AND HE SAID IT IS MORE THAN A THEORETICAL POSSIBILITY THAT FIGHTING WOULD SPREAD THROUGHOUT THE BALKANS AND FORCE THE WESTERN ALLIES TO INTERVENE UNDER MUCH MORE DANGEROUS CIRCUMSTANCES THAN ARE FORSEEN IN THE CURRENT PLAN.

MR. PERRY SAID THE NATO PEACE FORCE, EXPECTED TO BEGIN DEPLOYING IN BOSNIA BY MID-DECEMBER, WILL DEMONSTRATE BY BOTH WORDS AND DEEDS TO BOSNIAN SERBS UNHAPPY WITH THE DAYTON ACCORD THAT IT WILL BE EVEN-HANDED.

WE WILL NOT GO IN AS COWBOYS, PROVOKING ATTACKS MR. PERRY SAID. BUT HE ALSO SAID THAT IF THE SERBS OR OTHERS ATTACK THE PEACEKEEPERS THEY WILL DRAW AN IMMEDIATE AND VERY STRONG RESPONSE.

MR. PERRY AND OTHER OFFICIALS IN HIS ENTOURAGE PROVIDED NEW DETAILS ABOUT THE SCOPE OF THE ANTICIPATED U-S MILITARY ROLE. THEY SAID THAT IN ADDITION TO THE 20-THOUSAND AMERICAN TROOPS WHO WILL GO TO BOSNIA AS PART OF THE NATO-LED FORCE, ANOTHER FIVE THOUSAND WILL BE IN CROATIA, AND SEVEN THOUSAND MORE INVOLVED IN SUPPORT OPERATIONS IN ITALY, HUNGARY AND OTHER COUNTRIES IN THE REGION.

WITH THE HUNGARIAN PARLIAMENT HAVING GIVEN ITS APPROVAL WEDNESDAY, THE UNITED STATES WILL USE A RAIL JUNCTION NEAR PECS, HUNGARY, AS ITS MAIN STAGING GROUND FOR THE MOVE INTO BOSNIA.

ELEMENTS OF THE U-S ARMY'S FIRST ARMORED DIVISION NOW TRAINING IN GERMANY WILL BEGIN ARRIVING IN BOSNIA WITHIN A DAY OR TWO OF THE SIGNING OF THE PEACE ACCORD IN PARIS.

U-S OFFICIALS SAY HALF THE AMERICAN FORCE WILL BE IN POSITION WITHIN THREE WEEKS, AFTER THE SIGNING OF THE PEACE ACCORD, WITH THE ENTIRE DEPLOYMENT PROCESS TO BE FINISHED WITHIN SIX TO EIGHT WEEKS. (SIGNED)

NEB/DAG/LWM
29-Nov-95 10:00 PM EST (0300 UTC)
NNNN
Source: Voice of America
.

[10] SERBIA/SANCTIONS (L ONLY) BY BARRY WOOD ( PRAGUE )

INTRO: U-N ECONOMIC SANCTIONS IMPOSED AGAINST SERBIA AND MONTENEGRO IN MAY 1992 WERE SUSPENDED LAST WEEK AFTER THE SIGNING OF THE BOSNIAN PEACE AGREEMENT IN DAYTON, OHIO. V-O-A'S BARRY WOOD REPORTS THE YUGOSLAV AUTHORITIES HAVE MOVED QUICKLY WITH A PACKAGE OF REFORMS AIMED AT REBUILDING THE COUNTRY'S SHATTERED ECONOMY.

TEXT: LAST WEEKEND THE YUGOSLAV CENTRAL BANK DEVALUED THE CURRENCY BY NEARLY 70-PERCENT, BRINGING IT INTO LINE WITH FREE MARKET RATES. MEANWHILE TARIFFS WERE SLASHED, AN ACTION WHICH SUDDENLY FORCES PROTECTED DOMESTIC PRODUCERS TO COMPETE WITH IMPORTS.

CENTRAL BANK CHIEF DRAGOSLAV AVRAMOVIC SAYS THE ACTIONS, COMBINED WITH THE LIFTING OF SANCTIONS, WILL BOOST EXPORTS AND EXPORT REVENUE. HE SAYS THE DEVALUATION HAS BEEN WELL RECEIVED BY THE PUBLIC. HE PROMISES TO KEEP MONETARY POLICY TIGHT SO INFLATION WILL NOT RISE BEYOND ITS CURRENT 100-PERCENT ANNUAL RATE. THE LIFTING OF THE PUNISHING TRADE SANCTIONS WAS A PRINCIPAL PRIORITY FOR SERBIAN PRESIDENT SLOBODAN MILOSOVIC IN THE DAYTON NEGOTIATIONS. SINCE 1989, SERBIAN AND MONTENEGRIN OUTPUT HAS PLUMMETED BY 55-PERCENT AND LIVING STANDARDS HAVE FALLEN PRECIPITOUSLY. MOST TRADE WAS BLOCKED AND PRICES OF BASIC COMMODITIES SOARED DUE TO LACK OF SUPPLY.

THE MOST IMPORTANT IMMEDIATE BENEFICIAL RESULT OF THE LIFTING OF SANCTIONS HAS BEEN INCREASED AVAILABILITY AND CHEAPER PRICES FOR GASOLINE. YUGOSLAVIA TRADITIONALLY OBTAINS MOST OF ITS OIL FROM RUSSIA, ITS BIGGEST TRADING PARTNER IN 1989. ONLY 10-DAYS AFTER SANCTIONS WERE LIFTED, FOREIGN BUSINESS PEOPLE ARE ARRIVING IN BELGRADE TO DISCUSS MUCH NEEDED INVESTMENT. THE FRENCH ALCATEL PHONE COMPANY SAYS IT PLANS TO REACTIVATE ITS PRE-SANCTIONS CONTRACT TO UPGRADE THE SERBIAN TELECOMMUNICATIONS SYSTEM. EXPERTS CAUTION MUCH NEEDS TO BE DONE BEFORE YUGOSLAVIA RESUMES NORMAL FINANCIAL RELATIONS WITH THE OUTSIDE WORLD. ITS ASSETS ABROAD, POSSIBLY AS MUCH AS ONE-BILLION DOLLARS, REMAIN FROZEN. THEY WILL HAVE TO BE DIVIDED UP BETWEEN SERBIA, CROATIA, SLOVENIA, BOSNIA, AND MACEDONIA -- WHICH WERE LINKED IN THE FORMER YUGOSLAV FEDERATION. CREDITOR GOVERNMENTS AND BANKS ALSO HAVE TO APPORTION AMONG THE FORMER REPUBLICS THE 11-BILLION DOLLARS OF OUTSTANDING YUGOSLAV DEBTS.

IN ADDITION, BELGRADE HAS TO NEGOTIATE NEW ENTRY FOR ITSELF INTO THE WORLD BANK AND INTERNATIONAL MONETARY FUND. A RETIRED WORLD BANK OFFICIAL WHO RETURNED TO BELGRADE TWO-YEARS AGO, MR. AVRAMOVIC DEVISED THE DRAMATIC 1994 FINANCIAL STABILIZATION, WHICH SUCCESSFULLY INTRODUCED A NEW SUPER DINAR IN THE MIDST OF ONE OF THE MOST SEVERE HYPER-INFLATIONS IN THIS CENTURY.

MR. AVRAMOVIC, WHO IS NOT CLOSE TO MR. MILOSOVIC, WANTS THE GOVERNMENT TO PRIVATIZE YUGOSLAVIA'S HUNDREDS OF INEFFICIENT STATE ENTERPRISES. ON THAT ISSUE, HE HAS RUN INTO RESISTANCE, AND PRIVATIZATION WAS DROPPED FROM THE REFORM PACKAGE ANNOUNCED THIS WEEK.

WHILE SERBIA AND MONTENEGRO ARE ATTEMPTING TO HALT THEIR HEADLONG ECONOMIC DECLINE, NEIGHBORING CROATIA HAS ALREADY RESUMED ECONOMIC GROWTH AND A FOUR-PERCENT ADVANCE IS PROJECTED FOR NEXT YEAR. THE LIFTING OF SANCTIONS SHOULD BE OF CONSIDERABLE BENEFIT TO NEIGHBORING BULGARIA, ALONG WITH YUGOSLAVIA THE TRADITIONAL CORRIDOR FOR TRADE BETWEEN EUROPE AND ASIA. SINCE 1992 MUCH OF THAT TRADE HAS BEEN DIVERTED THROUGH HUNGARY AND ROMANIA, DEPRIVING BULGARIA OF TRANSIT REVENUE AND BUSINESS IN THE PORTS AND ALONG HIGHWAYS. BULGARIA ESTIMATES THE YUGOSLAV EMBARGO COST IT AT LEAST ONE-BILLION DOLLARS. (SIGNED)

NEB/BDW/MH/RAE
30-Nov-95 12:49 PM EST (1749 UTC)
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Source: Voice of America
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[11] U-S/BOSNIA HEARINGS ONITER (L) BY DAVID GOLLUST (U-S CONGRESS)

INTRO: PRESIDENT CLINTON'S TOP NATIONAL SECURITY ADVISERS WENT TO CONGRESS THURSDAY WITH FINAL PLANS FOR THE AMERICAN-LED PEACEKEEPING OPERATION IN BOSNIA. THERE WAS HEAVY CRITICISM OF THE PLAN, BUT MAJORITY REPUBLICANS CONCEDED CONGRESS WILL NOT BE ABLE TO BLOCK THE DEPLOYMENT. V-O-A'S DAVID GOLLUST HAS DETAILS FROM THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES.

TEXT: REPUBLICANS HAVE BEEN HOSTILE TO THE NOTION OF DISPATCHING U-S FORCES TO BOSNIA. BUT IT WAS CLEAR FROM THE HOURS OF DEBATE IN THE HOUSE INTERNATIONAL AFFAIRS AND NATIONAL SECURITY COMMITTEES THAT THE MAJORITY LEADERS ARE RESIGNED TO SEEING THE DEPLOYMENT GO FORWARD DESPITE THEIR MISGIVINGS.

NATIONAL SECURITY COMMITTEE CHAIRMAN FLOYD SPENCE SAID PRESIDENT CLINTON HAS RENDERED DEBATE ON THE WISDOM OF SENDING TROOPS MOOT BY MOVING AHEAD WITH THE NATO PLAN. "THE PROVERBIAL TRAIN HAS LEFT THE STATION," MR. SPENCE SAID, WHILE INSISTING THAT AMERICANS WILL EVENTUALLY REGRET PUTTING U-S PRESTIGE AND THE COHESION OF NATO AT RISK IN BOSNIA.

ADMINISTRATION WITNESSES, HOWEVER, SAID IT IS CLEARLY IN THE U-S NATIONAL INTEREST TO FOLLOW THROUGH WITH ACTIONS THAT WILL END EUROPE'S MOST SERIOUS CONFLICT SINCE WORLD WAR TWO.

DEFENSE SECRETARY WILLIAM PERRY SAID THE ADMINISTRATION FULLY UNDERSTANDS THE DANGERS ASSOCIATED WITH SENDING TROOPS ON THE PEACEKEEPING MISSION IN BOSNIA. BUT HE SAID THE RISKS SHOULD BE COMPARED WITH THOSE THE UNITED STATES WOULD RUN IF IT LOOKED THE OTHER WAY AND ALLOWED THE WAR TO RESUME:

WE DO NOT LIVE IN A WORLD IN WHICH THERE ARE NO RISKS. WE HAVE TO CHOOSE BETWEEN THE RISKS WE'RE CONFRONTED WITH. THE TRUE ALTERNATIVE TO NOT GOING IN IS ALLOWING THE WAR TO CONTINUE. WE CAN AVERT OUR GAZE, AND NOT WATCH THE KILLING AND ATROCITIES. BUT WE CANNOT AVOID THE CONSEQUENCES IF THIS WAR SPREADS SOUTH AND NORTH. THIS INEXTRICABLY INVOLVES US, AND IT INVOLVES US IN A MUCH WORSE, BIGGER WAR AND A MUCH MORE DANGEROUS SITUATION.

REPUBLICANS AND SOME DEMOCRATS QUESTIONED WHETHER THE ADMINISTRATION'S TARGET OF HAVING U-S FORCES STABILIZE BOSNIA AND LEAVE WITHIN A YEAR IS PRACTICAL -- GIVEN THE COMPLEXITY OF THE SITUATION AND THE SAVAGE HISTORY OF THE CONFLICT. REPUBLICAN DAN BURTON OF INDIANA SAID THE BOSNIA COMMITMENT IS JUST ONE OF A SERIES OF UNILATERAL ACTIONS BY THE PRESIDENT THAT DEFY THE WILL OF CONGRESS AND PUBLIC OPINION:

THE AMERICAN PEOPLE DIDN'T SUPPORT GOING INTO HAITI. THE PRESIDENT TOOK UNILATERAL ACTION. THE AMERICAN PEOPLE DID'T WANT TO BAIL OUT MEXICO. THE PRESIDENT TOOK UNILATERAL ACTION. THEY DON'T WANT US GOING INTO BOSNIA BUT THE PRESIDENT IS ONCE AGAIN TAKING UNILATERAL ACTION. I'D JUST LIKE TO SAY THAT I KNOW THAT HE'S WELL INTENTIONED. BUT THE ROAD TO HELL IS PAVED WITH GOOD INTENTIONS. AND WE'RE GOING TO SEE A LOT OF YOUNG MEN AND WOMEN, IN MY OPINION, LOSE THEIR LIVES OR BE MAIMED IN SOMETHING THAT WE SHOULDN'T BE INVOLVED IN.

THE ADMINISTRATION OFFICIALS SAID THAT IN ADDITION TO THE 20-THOUSAND U-S TROOPS WHO WILL MOVE INTO BOSNIA AFTER THE PEACE ACCORD IS SIGNED DECEMBER 14TH, ANOTHER 12-THOUSAND WILL BE ENGAGED IN SUPPORT OPERATIONS IN CROATIA, HUNGARY AND OTHER COUNTRIES IN THE REGION.

AND THEY ALSO RAISED THE ESTIMATED COST OF THE YEAR-LONG OPERATION TO TWO BILLION DOLLARS -- WITH AN ADDITIONAL 600-MILLION DOLLARS PLEDGED TO THE EUROPEAN UNION PLAN TO RESTORE THE BALKANS' ECONOMY. (SIGNED)

NEB/DAG/CB/PT
30-Nov-95 4:52 PM EST (2152 UTC)
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Source: Voice of America
.

[12] U-S-NATO (S ONLY) BY RON PEMSTEIN (STATE DEPARTMENT)

INTRO: THE UNITED STATES SAYS NATO WILL SELECT A NEW SECRETARY-GENERAL NEXT WEEK. V-O-A'S RON PEMSTEIN REPORTS FROM THE STATE DEPARTMENT, SPAIN'S FOREIGN MINISTER IS EMERGING AS A FAVORED AMERICAN CANDIDATE.

TEXT: THE UNITED STATES SAYS THE NATO ALLIANCE IS LIKELY TO AGREE ON A CANDIDATE FOR SECRETARY GENERAL WHEN NATO FOREIGN MINISTERS MEET IN BRUSSELS NEXT WEEK. STATE DEPARTMENT SPOKESMAN NICHOLAS BURNS SAYS THERE IS NEED FOR A QUICK CONSENSUS BEFORE NATO TROOPS ARE DEPLOYED IN BOSNIA IN MID-DECEMBER. OFFICIALLY, THE UNITED STATES HAS NO SPECIAL CANDIDATE FOR NATO SECRETARY-GENERAL. HOWEVER, U-S OFFICIALS SAY THEY HAVE NO OBJECTIONTO A SPAINARD TAKING THE LEADERSHIP OF THE ALLIANCE. SPAIN DOES NOT TAKE PART IN NATO'S MILITARY STRUCTURE.

SPANISH FOREIGN MINISTER JAVIER SOLANA IS NOT AN ANNOUNCED CANDIDATE BUT HE IS KNOWN TO BE AVAILIABLE. HOWEVER, A U-S OFFICIAL SAYS THE SPANISH FOREIGN MINISTER IS ONE OF THE BEST PEOPLE IN THE ALLIANCE. SECRETARY OF STATE WARREN CHRISTOPHER HAS SCHEDULED A PRIVATE LUNCHEON WITH MR. SOLANA IN MADRID ON SATURDAY.

THE ONLY ANNOUNCED CANDIDATE FOR NATO SECRETARY-GENERAL IS FORMER DANISH FOREIGN MINISTER UFFE ELLEMANN JENSEN BUT THE DANE FACES OPPOSITION FROM FRANCE. THE UNITED STATES BLOCKED AN EARLIER MOVE TO NAME FORMER DUTCH PRIME MINISTER RUUD LUEBBERS WHO HAS SINCE WITHDRAWN FROM CONSIDERATION. (SIGNED) NEB/PT 30-Nov-95 4:59 PM EST (2159 UTC)
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Source: Voice of America
.

[13] U-S BOSNIA CONGRESS (L) BY RON PEMSTEIN (STATE DEPARTMENT)

INTRO: SECRETARY OF STATE WARREN CHRISTOPHER, SECRETARY OF DEFENSE WILLIAM PERRY AND THE CHAIRMAN OF THE JOINT CHIEFS OF STAFF, GENERAL JOHN SHALIKASHVILI, HAVE DEFENDED PRESIDENT CLINTON'S DECISION TO SEND 20-THOUSAND AMERICAN TROOPS TO BOSNIA TO ENFORCE THE PEACE AGREEMENT. RON PEMSTEIN REPORTS FROM THE STATE DEPARTMENT THAT A DEFIANT CONGRESS NOW APPEARS RESIGNED TO THAT DEPLOYMENT.

TEXT: THE BOSNIA PEACE AGREEMENT HAS ROBBED CONGRESS OF ITS DESIRE TO INFLICT POLITICAL HARM ON THE CLINTON ADMINISTRATION BY BLOCKING THE DEPLOYMENT OF AMERICAN TROOPS. EVEN OPPONENTS OF THE PRESIDENT'S PLAN TO COMMIT 20 THOUSAND U-S TROOPS TO NATO'S ENFORCEMENT OF THE AGREEMENT NOW ARE RESIGNED TO THOUSANDS OF TROOPS GOING TO BOSNIA SHORTLY AFTER DECEMBER 14TH WHEN THE AGREEMENT IS SUPPOSED TO BE SIGNED IN PARIS.

WHEN THE SECRETARIES OF STATE AND DEFENSE AND THE MILITARY CHIEF OF STAFF TESTIFIED BEFORE CONGRESSIONAL COMMITTEES IN OCTOBER, THEY FACED BLISTERING CRITICISM. THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES VOTED TO BAN THE AMERICAN DEPLOYMENT JUST THREE DAYS BEFORE THE BOSNIA PEACE AGREEMENT WAS SIGNED IN DAYTON, OHIO.

AS PRESIDENT CLINTON SEEKS CONGRESSIONAL SUPPORT FOR THE MOVE, THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES STILL APPEARS TO BE A TOUGHER OPPONENT THAN THE U-S SENATE. HOWEVER, MOST HOUSE DEMOCRATS GENERALLY SUPPORT THE ADMINISTRATION AND MANY REPUBLICANS HAVE AT LEAST RESIGNED THEMSELVES TO THE PROSPECT OF THE TROOPS GOING TO BOSNIA.

REPUBLICAN JIM LEACH OF IOWA EXPRESSED THE LIMITED OPTIONS FOR HIS PARTY IN OPPOSING THE PRESIDENT'S DECISION.

DESPITE THESE CONCERNS HOWEVER, I BELIEVE CONGRESS HAS THE RESPONSIBILITY TO RECOGNIZE THAT PRESIDENT HAS THE CONSTITUTIONAL RIGHT TO ACT AND WE HAVE THE OBLIGATION TO SUPPORT OUR TROOPS. AS MUCH AS I AND OTHER MEMBERS REMAIN CONSTITUTIONALLY (WITH A SMALL C) SKEPTICAL, WE AS A CONGRESS SHOULD NOT UNDERCUT THE MISSION, INDEED AT THIS POINT, IT STRIKES ME THAT EXCEPT FOR SECOND-GUESSING, THE ARGUMENTS ARE LARGELY OVER.

OTHER REPUBLICANS DENOUNCED THE ADMINISTRATION FOR PRESENTING CONGRESS WITH A FAIT ACCOMPLI, AN ACCOMPLISHED FACT. NEBRASKA REPUBLICAN DOUG BEREUTER SAYS THE PEACE AGREEMENT HAS NOT CHANGED HIS MIND THAT THE PLAN TO DEPLOY AMERICAN TROOPS IN BOSNIA IS A BAD IDEA.

NEVERTHELESS I HAVE TO CONCLUDE THAT THIS IS A VERY WRONG DECISION FOR THE COUNTRY. CONTRARY TO WHAT YOU SAID SECRETARY CHRISTOPHER. I THINK WE'LL BE COMING BACK IN A COUPLE OF YEARS AND REALIZING JUST THAT. IT IS A FATALLY FLAWED PLAN. IT WILL FAIL.

THE ADMINISTRATION PRESENTED THE TROOP DEPLOYMENT AS A QUESTION OF AMERICAN LEADERSHIP IN EUROPE, ESPECIALLY WITHIN THE NATO ALLIANCE. SECRETARY OF STATE CHRISTOPHER REMINDED THE HOUSE INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS COMMITTEE OF A LITTLE RECENT HISTORY.

WE KNOW WHAT WILL HAPPEN IF WE DON'T SUPPORT THIS AGREEMENT. IF CONGRESS WERE TO TURN THIS AGREEMENT BACK TO PREVENT US SOMEHOW FROM CARRYING IT FORWARD. WAR WOULD BREAK OUT. IT WOULD BE A BLOODY SITUATION. IT HAS THE RISK OF SPREADING. THAT'S WHAT THE ISSUE IS HERE. CONGRESS HAVING URGED US DAY IN AND DAY OUT, I'VE SAT HERE IN THIS WITNESS CHAIR MANY TIMES AND HAVE JUST BEEN BLISTERED BY THIS VERY COMMITTEE FOR NOT TAKING FIRMER ACTION IN BOSNIA. NOW THE PRESIDENT IS TAKING A VERY STRONG INITIATIVE AND WE'RE VERY CLOSE TO PEACE.

THE CONGRESSMEN QUESTIONED THE ADMINISTRATION WITNESSES ABOUT HOW THE AMERICAN TROOPS ARE PREPARED FOR THE RISKS THEY FACE IN BOSNIA, ABOUT PLANS TO BOLSTER THE BOSNIAN ARMY AND ABOUT EXIT STRATEGIES FOR THE AMERICAN TROOPS. SEVERAL CHALLENGED ASSURANCES FROM THE WITNESSES THAT THE NATO TROOPS WILL BE ABLE TO WITHDRAW WITHIN ONE YEAR. STILL WITH THE PEACE AGREEMENT IN HAND, IT IS CLEAR TO EVERYONE THAT PRESIDENT CLINTON PLANS TO GO AHEAD WITH, OR WITHOUT, CONGRESSIONAL SUPPORT. (SIGNED)

NEB/RP/CB/GPT
30-Nov-95 3:56 PM EST (2056 UTC)
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Source: Voice of America
.

[14] U-S STRATEGY IN BOSNIA BY ED WARNER (WASHINGTON)

INTRO: WHILE THE AGREEMENT ON BOSNIA IS BEING VIGOROUSLY DEBATED IN THE UNITED STATES, THE BOSNIAN PRIME MINISTER AND THREE FORMER TOP U-S FOREIGN POLICY MAKERS URGED RAPID AMERICAN INVOLVEMENT IN BOSNIA AND TRAINING AND SUPPLYING BOSNIAN ARMED FORCES. VOA'S ED WARNER REPORTS.

TEXT: IN A QUIET, REFLECTIVE VOICE, BOSNIAN PRIME MINISTER HARIS SILAJDZIC TOLD A GROUP OF U-S POLICY MAKERS AND ANALYSTS THAT THE DAYTON AGREEMENT IS THE BEST BOSNIA COULD GET, THOUGH IT COULD HOPE FOR MORE.

ADDRESSING A MEETING AT THE CARNEGIE ENDOWMENT FOR INTERNATIONAL PEACE IN WASHINGTON, MR. SILAJDZIC SAID TOO MUICH BOSNIAN TERRITORY WILL BE IN THE CONTROL OF SERBS. BUT HE ADDED THAT THE AGREEMENT WILL PROVIDE FOR U-S TROOPS TO END THE WAR AND MAINTAIN BOSNIA'S MULTI-ETHNIC SOCIETY:

I WAS AFRAID THAT IF WE DO NOT MAKE AN AGREEMENT IN DAYTON, OHIO, WE MIGHT AT ANOTHER TIME AND VENUE GET LESS BECAUSE WE KNOW THAT THE INTERNATIONAL COMMUNITY AND THE POLITICAL WILL OF THE INTERNATIONAL COMMUNITY IS NOT A CONSTANT CATEGORY. IT IS CHANGING PRACTICALLY DAILY. MY FEELING WAS THAT THIS WAS THE TIME TO TRY AND ACHIEVE BY PEACE WHAT WE COULD NOT ACHIEVE BY THE WAR OF LIBERATION. AS A BOSNIAN, I THINK THIS IS A GOOD DEAL. IT IS FAR FROM PERFECT, BUT I THINK IT GIVES A CHANCE TO MY COUNTRY TO BE REINTEGRATED.

JEANE KIRKPATRICK, FORMER U-S AMBASSADOR TO THE UNITED NATIONS, SAID SHE SYMAPTHIZES WITH THE BOSNIAN POSITION:

PEACE IS BETTER THAN WAR. SURVIVAL IS BETTER THAN DEATH IN MOST CIRCUMSTANCES, IF NOT ALL, AND THE HOPE OF INTEGRATION, RATHER THAN DISINTEGRATION, IS SURELY WORTH PURSUING. I UNDERSTAND THE BOSNIANS' ACQUIESCENCE IN THIS AGREEMENT. I BELIEVE THAT THE AGREEMENT FROM THE AMERICAN POINT OF VIEW, HOWEVER, IS INADEQUATE BECAUSE IT DOES NOT CLEARLY DEFINE A GOAL AND THEREFORE CANNOT HAVE AN EXIT STRATEGY. IT DOES NOT TELL US WHY WE ARE SENDING 20 THOUSAND TROOPS. HOW CAN WE KNOW WHEN IT WILL BE TIME FOR THEM TO LEAVE?

GIVEN THE NATURE OF SERBIAN AGGRESSION, SAID AMBASSADOR KIRKPATRICK, PEACE CAN BE ACHIEVED ONLY BY TRAINING AND ARMING BOSNIANS.

ONE YEAR IS NOT ENOUGH TO DO THAT, INSISTED FORMER NATIONAL SECURITY ADVISER ZBIGNIEW BRZEZINSKI:

MY MAJOR CONCERN IS THAT THIS DEPLOYMENT BE NOT DESIGNED MERELY TO INSURE THAT THE ACCORDS ARE A 12 MONTH SUCCESS, WHICH MAY THEN TURN INTO A 15 MONTH CALAMITY. I DO NOT SEE AT THE PRESENT TIME THAT THERE ARE SUFFICIENT ASSURANCES EITHER AGAINST THE POSSIBILITY OF RESUMPTION OF WARFARE AFTER THE WITHDRAWAL OF AMERICAN FORCES OR AGAINST THE POSSIBILITY THAT THE SO-CALLED SERBIAN REPUBLIC, WHICH IS MEANT TO BE PART OF THE STATE OF BOSNIA-HERZEGOVINA, SIMPLY SLIDES OVER BY A PROCESS OF SECESSION INTO A GREATER SERBIA.

IN TRYING TO IMPOSE A TIME LIMIT AND MINIMIZE CASUALTIES, SAID MR. BRZEZINSKI, THE CLINTON ADMINISTRATION IS FAILING TO PURSUE A CREDIBLE LONG RANGE STRATEGY.

THE SPEAKERS AT THE CARNEGIE MEETING DID NOT DISCUSS DIVIDED AMERICAN OPINION ABOUT SENDING TROOPS TO BOSNIA OR THE CONSIDERABLE OPPOSITION WITHIN THE U-S CONGRESS. BUT RICHARD PERLE, A FORMER TOP DEFENSE DEPARTMENT OFFICIAL, MADE ONE RECOMMENDATION TO CONGRESS:

I RATHER HOPE THAT THE CONGRESS, IN ACTING ON THE DISPATCH OF AMERICAN FORCES, WILL MAKE ITS APPROVAL CONTINGENT UPON THE EQUIPPING AND TRAINING OF BOSNIAN FORCES BECAUSE WITHOUT IT THERE CAN BE NO CONFIDENT AMERICAN WITHDRAWAL AT THE END OF A YEAR. WE COULD BE FACED WITH THE AWFUL DILEMMA OF HAVING EITHER TO REMAIN INDEFINITELY OR UPON OUR DEPARTURE WATCH BOSNIA DESTROYED BY FORCES THAT THE BOSNIANS THEMSELVES WILL NOT BE ABLE TO DEFEND AGAINST.

MR. PERLE SAID U-S MILITARY ASSISTANCE SHOULD BEGIN IMMEDIATELY WITHOUT ANY ATTEMPT TO CONCEAL IT. PRETENDING TO BE NEUTRAL WILL NOT OFFER ANY PROTECTION TO AMERICAN TROOPS WHO WILL BE IN HARM'S WAY IN BOSNIA. (SIGNED)

NEB/EW/CF
30-Nov-95 2:53 PM EST (1953 UTC)
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Source: Voice of America
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[15] YUGO/RECOGNITION (S ONLY) BY WAYNE COREY ( VIENNA )

INTRO: THE FORMER YUGOSLAV REPUBLIC OF SLOVENIA HAS RECOGNIZED THE NEW YUGOSLAV STATE AND IS CALLING FOR THE TWO COUNTRIES TO ESTABLISH DIPLOMATIC RELATIONS. THIS IS ANOTHER STEP TOWARD RESTORING STABILITY IN THE BALKANS, FOLLOWING THE VIOLENT BREAKUP OF THE FORMER YUGOSLAVIA IN 1991. V-O-A'S CENTRAL EUROPEAN CORRESPONDENT WAYNE COREY REPORTS.

TEXT: THE FOREIGN MINISTER OF SLOVENIA, ZORAN THALER, ANNOUNCED HIS GOVERNMENT'S RECOGNITION OF YUGOSLAVIA. BESIDES PROPOSING THE ESTABLISHMENT OF DIPLOMATIC RELATIONS BETWEEN THE TWO COUNTRIES, SLOVENIA IS ALSO RESTORING BILATERAL ECONOMIC TIES. SLOVENIA SECEDED FROM THE SERB-DOMINATED FORMER YUGOSLAVIA IN 1991, PROVOKING A 10-DAY WAR. YUGOSLAVIA RECOGNIZED SLOVENIA THE FOLLOWING YEAR. BUT, THE SECESSION OF CROATIA AND BOSNIA-HERZEGOVINA FROM YUGOSLAVIA PROVOKED BLOODY CONFLICTS BETWEEN GOVERNMENT AND YUGOSLAV ARMY-BACKED SERBS IN THOSE NEWLY-INDEPENDENT COUNTRIES. THE REPUBLIC OF MACEDONIA PEACEFULLY SECEDED FROM YUGOSLAVIA ALTHOUGH UNITED NATIONS PEACEKEEPERS HAVE BEEN DEPLOYED IN MACEDONIA IN CASE OF TROUBLE THERE. PEACE AGREEMENTS WERE FINALLY REACHED FOR CROATIA AND BOSNIA IN NOVEMBER. THEY WILL BE SIGNED IN DECEMBER. THESE AGREEMENTS CALL FOR THE NEW YUGOSLAV STATE, MADE UP OF SERBIA AND MONTENEGRO, AND ALL OF THE FORMER YUGOSLAV REPUBLICS TO RECOGNIZE EACH OTHER. (SIGNED)

NEB/WC/MH/GPT
30-Nov-95 12:59 PM EST (1759 UTC)
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Source: Voice of America
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[16] YUGO PEACEKEEPING VOTE (L) BY ELAINE JOHANSON (UNITED NATIONS)

INTRO: THE UNITED NATIONS SECURITY COUNCIL THURSDAY DECIDED TO END ITS MILITARY OPERATION IN BOSNIA-HERZEGOVINA ON JANUARY 31ST -- CLEARING THE WAY FOR A NATO-LED FORCE TO TAKE OVER. IT ALSO VOTED UNANIMOUSLY TO KEEP ITS MISSION IN MACEDONIA FOR ANOTHER SIX MONTHS, WHILE EXTENDING THE U-N PRESENCE IN CROATIA FOR ONLY 45 DAYS. VOA CORRESPONDENT ELAINE JOHANSON HAS DETAILS:

TEXT: THE PLANNED DEPARTURE OF U-N PEACEKEEPERS FROM BOSNIA IS PART OF THE NEW BALKAN PEACE DEAL. THE NEXT STEP FOR THE SECURITY COUNCIL WILL COME IN MID-DECEMBER AFTER A FORMAL SIGNING CEREMONY IN PARIS WHEN IT WILL HAVE TO AUTHORIZE A HAND-OVER TO NATO.

DESPITE CAUTION EXPRESSED BY CHINA -- A PERMANENT COUNCIL MEMBER -- APPROVAL IS VIRTUALLY GUARANTEED. CHINA EXPRESSED CONCERN THAT THE U-N WOULD LOSE CONTROL OF THE BOSNIAN OPERATION AND WARNED AGAINST GIVING THE NEW FORCE WHAT ITS AMBASSADOR CALLED A "BLANK CHECK" (UNRESTRICTED FREEDOM TO ACT).

WITH THE CHANGE, HOWEVER, THE UNITED NATION'S ROLE IN BOSNIA EFFECTIVELY WILL BE LIMITED TO SURVEILLANCE OVER HUMAN RIGHTS AND HUMANITARIAN ASSISTANCE.

THE SECURITY COUNCIL STRUGGLED SOMEWHAT OVER THE U-N MISSION IN CROATIA. THE CROATIAN GOVERNMENT HAS MADE IT CLEAR IT WANTS U-N TROOPS REPLACED BY ANOTHER KIND OF INTERNATIONAL FORCE, PREFERABLY NATO. THE WESTERN MILITARY ALLIANCE, HOWEVER, IS RELUCTANT TO GET INVOLVED IN ENFORCING A CROAT / SERB AGREEMENT IN EASTERN SLAVONIA WHICH IS EXPECTED TO REVERT TO CROATIAN CONTROL AFTER A TRANSITION PERIOD OF AT LEAST ONE YEAR. THE UNITED NATIONS WILL ADMINISTER THE TERRITORY DURING THAT TIME.

IN A COMPROMISE MOVE -- THE COUNCIL EXTENDED THE U-N PRESENCE IN CROATIA UNTIL JANUARY 15TH, GIVING SECRETARY-GENERAL BOUTROS-GHALI ABOUT TWO WEEKS TO SUBMIT PROPOSALS FOR A NEW OPERATION.

MACEDONIA -- CONSIDERED A RELATIVELY TRANQUIL CORNER OF THE BALKANS -- WILL RETAIN ITS SMALL PEACEKEEPING FORCE FOR ANOTHER SIX MONTHS. SINCE OVER ONE-THOUSAND TROOPS ARE THERE SIMPLY TO MAKE SURE IT REMAINS PEACEFUL -- DIPLOMATS EXPECT THE U-N MISSION IN MACEDONIA WILL BE RENEWED AGAIN AT THE END OF MAY.

THERE WAS LITTLE SPEECH-MAKING DURING THE COUNCIL'S VOTE ON THE THREE PEACEKEEPING RESOLUTIONS. CRUCIAL ACTIVITY ON THE FATE OF THE BALKANS IS FOCUSED ELSEWHERE, AS NATO REFINES ITS PLAN TO ENFORCE PEACE. (SIGNED)

UN/EJ/CF
30-Nov-95 2:23 PM EST (1923 UTC)
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Source: Voice of America
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[17] YUGO SITREP (L ONLY) BY WAYNE COREY (VIENNA)

INTRO: THE UNITED NATIONS' PEACEKEEPING MANDATE IN THE FORMER YUGOSLAVIA EXPIRES THURSDAY NIGHT. THE MANDATE IS EXPECTED TO BE EXTENDED SO PEACEKEEPERS CAN REMAIN IN BOSNIA-HERZEGOVINA, CROATIA AND MACEDONIA. V-O-A'S CENTRAL EUROPEAN CORRESPONDENT, WAYNE COREY, REPORTS.

TEXT: THE UNITED NATIONS SECURITY COUNCIL IS EXPECTED TO APPROVE PROPOSALS FOR ABOUT ONE-THOUSAND PEACEKEEPERS TO REMAIN IN MACEDONIA FOR ANOTHER SIX MONTHS.

ALTHOUGH PEACEKEEPERS ARE PREPARING TO LEAVE BOSNIA-HERZEGOVINA ANYWAY, THEY ARE EXPECTED TO BE AUTHORIZED TO REMAIN THERE UNTIL MID-JANUARY OR UNTIL NATO'S PEACE IMPLEMENTATION FORCE IS FULLY IN PLACE.

U-N OFFICIALS IN ZAGREB SAY THE U-N PEACEKEEPING MANDATE IN CROATIA IS ALSO LIKELY TO BE EXTENDED UNTIL MID-JANUARY.

THIS WILL PROVIDE TIME FOR THE UNITED NATIONS AND THE CROATIAN GOVERNMENT TO WORK OUT DETAILS OF A PEACEKEEPING PRESENCE ONLY IN THE EASTERN SLAVONIA REGION.

EASTERN SLAVONIA IS THE ONLY REMAINING SERB-HELD TERRITORY IN CROATIA. UNDER AN AGREEMENT BETWEEN THE CROATIAN GOVERNMENT AND THE SERBS, THE TERRITORY WILL REVERT TO GOVERNMENT CONTROL AFTER A TRANSITION PERIOD OF AS LONG AS TWO YEARS. ABOUT 22-HUNDRED RUSSIAN AND BELGIAN SOLDIERS ARE CURRENTLY IN EASTERN SLAVONIA. U-N MILITARY EXPERTS BELIEVE BETWEEN EIGHT THOUSAND AND NINE-THOUSAND PEACEKEEPERS WILL BE NEEDED THERE DURING THE TRANSITION PERIOD.

THE CROATIAN GOVERNMENT WOULD LIKE MORE NATO TROOPS, ESPECIALLY AMERICAN SOLDIERS, TO BE PEACEKEEPERS IN EASTERN SLAVONIA.

SOURCES SAY NO DECISION HAS BEEN MADE WHETHER THERE WILL BE ANY AMERICAN PEACEKEEPERS IN CROATIA. BUT, THE SOURCES DO EXPECT A U-S MILITARY PRESENCE THERE THAT WILL SUPPORT THE 20-THOUSAND AMERICAN TROOPS TO BE DEPLOYED UNDER NATO COMMAND IN BOSNIA. (SIGNED)

NEB/WC/JWH/GPT
30-Nov-95 10:13 AM EST (1513 UTC)
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Source: Voice of America