[01] Katastash ektakths anagkhs sth Rwsia

Perissoteroi apo 800 pyrosbestes kai stratiwtes maxontai apo xqes Deytera kata ths fwtias poy jespase sthn perioxh toy pyrhnikoy kentroy (500 xiliometra apo th Mosxa) gnwstoy apo thn sobietikh epoxh, ws ena apo ta shmantikotera kentra pyrhnikwn ereynwn kai kataskeyhs atomikwn oplwn.

Armodios ajiwmatoyxos dhlwse xqes pws to radienergo yliko epanatopoqethqhke sto kentro toy Sarof, apo opoy eixe apomakrynqei stis arxes toy mhna ejaitias twn pyrkagiwn.

Peripoy 500 anqrwpoi synexizoyn twn agwna toys gia ton periorismo ths fwtias gyrw apo ena allo stratiwtiko kentro sto Snezinsk sta Oyralia, se apostash 1.500 xiliometrwn apo thn rwsikh prwteyoysa, sto opoio kataskeyazontai pyrhnika opla, anakoinwse to ypoyrgeio Antimetwpishs Ektaktwn Anagkwn.

"H ektash poy kaigetai perioristhke sta eji ektaria" sthn zwnh ayth, epishmainetai sthn anakoinwsh.

Oi topikes arxes anakoinwsan xqes oti khryjan prin treis hmeres se katastash ektakths anagkhs thn perioxh gyrw apo to sygkrothma Magiak (perioxh Tseliampinsk) epishs sta Oyralia se apostash 2.000 apo thn Mosxa. To sygkrothma ayto einai kentro epejergasias kai apoqhkeyshs pyrhnikwn apoblhtwn.

H Greenpeace apo thn pleyra ths proeidopoiei pws yparxei shmantikos kindynos diasporas radienerghs molynshs apo to Magiak. To 1957 shmeiwqhke ena sobarotato mh pyrhniko dystyxhma apo thn ekrhjh mias dejamenhs pyrhnikwn apoblhtwn, me apotelesma na yparjei megalh radienergh molynsh poy qewrhqhke mia apo tis xeiroteres ston kosmo.

Sto metajy, efialtikh paramenei h katastash sth rwsikh prwteyoysa, poy den mporei na apallagei apo to gkrizokitrino tojiko peplo ths.

Pio dysoiwnes einai oi probleceis twn metewrologwn, poy ektimoyn oti to nefos toy kapnoy apo tis pyrkagies qa diathrhqei panw apo th Mosxa toylaxiston ws to telos ths ebdomadas, estw ki an ligo drosisei.

Ychles paramenoyn kai oi sygkentrwseis dhlhthriwdwn aeriwn sthn atmosfaira ths Mosxas, opoy to monojeidio toy anqraka kai ta aiwroymena swmatidia jepernoysan to meshmeri kata 2,2 fores tis anwtates epitreptes times kai oi eidikoi ydrogonanqrakes kata 3,5 fores, enw oi meses hmerhsies times htan poly xeiroteres kaqws h yperbash to teleytaio 24wro htan 9 (!) fores gia ta aiwroymena swmatidia, 3,3 fores gia to monojeidio toy anqraka, 0,7-4,5 gia to diojeidio toy azwtoy kai ws 1,4 fores gia to ojeidio toy azwtoy.

H zesth diathrei kai tis times toy ozontos kata 5,4 fores panw apo to fysiologiko.

Dysaresta einai kai ta stoixeia, poy edwse sth dhmosiothta o epikefalhs toy Tmhmatos Ygeias ths polhs ths Mosxas Antrei Seltsofski, diapistwnontas ayjhsh ths qnhsimothtas toylaxiston kata 2 fores. ``Ean sto parelqon eixame kaqhmerina sth Mosxa 360-380 qanatoys, twra einai peripoy 700'', eipe o k. Seltsofski sto praktoreio Interfaj, an kai anepishmes ektimhseis kanoyn logo gia megalyteres ayjhseis stoys qanatoys.

Ta sxetika reportaz, poy basisthkan sta stoixeia twn grafeiwn khdeiwn kai dhmosieythkan sthn oikonomikh hmerhsia ``Komersant'' ektimoyn oti oi qanatoi einai ayjhmenoi kata 2,5-3 fores, wstoso den eleican kai oi ektimhseis gia ayjhsh ews 8-10 fores.

Apantwntas o k. Seltsofski eixe diaceysei ta stoixeia ayta kai eixe zhthsei ``na mhn skorpizetai o panikos''.

Ejalloy, oi rwsikes arxes ekfrazoyn foboys oti mporei na ekdhlwqoyn epidhmies, kai idiaitera epidhmia xoleras, dhlwse shmera o epikefalhs twn ygeionomikwn yphresiwn Gkenanti Onistsenko.

Symfwna me ton Onistsenko, oi ygeionomikes yphresies "enisxysan toys elegxoys gia loimwdeis nosoys" ejaitias endeijewn opws o pollaplasiasmos twn kroysmatwn ojeias gastrenteritidas kai h epideinwsh ths poiothtas toy neroy se 52 apo tis 83 rwsikes perifereies.

"Foboymaste mhpws erqei xolera apo th notioanatolikh Asia, to Pakistan, opoy h katastash den einai kalh", dhlwse o Onistsenko, ton opoio epikaleitai to praktoreio Interfaj.

"Pairnoyme metra gia na organwsoyme ton elegxo twn trofimwn kai zhtoyme thn paradosh posimoy neroy ekei opoy oi phges ydrodothshs exoyn sterecei", dieykrinise.

Dhlhthriwdes nefos kapnoy kalyce to Sabbatokyriako kai thn Agia Petroypolh kai to Gekaterinmpoyrgk, thn prwteyoysa twn Oyraliwn, wstoso ws to prwi ths Deyteras eixe dialyqei logw twn eynoikwn anemwn, poy den bohqoyn kaqoloy sthn periptwsh ths Mosxas.

Oi Mosxobites antimetwpizoyn thn krish opws mporoyn kai egkataleipoyn thn prwteyoysa me opoia mesa diaqetoyn.

Thn Kyriakh htan yperplhrh ola ta dromologia lewforeiwn, trenwn kai aeroplanwn, enw terasties htan kai oi oyres twn ejerxomenwn apo thn polh aytokinhtwn. Epishs xqes anaxwrhsan aeroporikws apo th Mosxa 104.440 epibates, ariqmos rekor gia th fetinh xronia.

Oi qermokrasies sthn polh kinoyntai staqera gyrw stoys 35 baqmoys kai sta perixwra, poy kaigontai, fqanoyn akomh kai toys 38. Ektos apo liges kaqysterhseis se mikro ariqmo pthsewn ta aerodromia prosarmosthkan kai ergazontai me oratothta 750-900 metrwn.

Symfwna me martyries politwn kai toyristikwn praktorwn, jepoylhqhkan ola ta eleyqera paketa pros xwres, poy den exoyn biza gia toys Rwsoys polites, opws h Toyrkia, h Aigyptos kai to Mayroboynio.

Arketoi ypochfioi toyristes kai paragontes toy toyristikoy xwroy qetoyn malista to erwthma ``giati den qa mporoyse na arqei estw kai proswrina h isxys ths Synqhkhs Sengken gia anqrwpistikoys logoys, wste na dieykolynqoyn na petajoyn akomh ki osoi qa hqelan na plhrwsoyn mia ekdromh gia na tajidecoyn se eyrwpaikes xwres, opws h Ellada''.

Osoi katoikoi ths Mosxas den kataferan na fygoyn, katafeygoyn se jenodoxeia, emporika kentra kai xwroys me klimatismo, akomh kai sta aytokinhta toys, kaqws kyriarxh einai h aisqhsh oti meta apo toses meres o kapnos kai h osmh toy exoyn pleon mpei mesa sto eswteriko twn ktiriwn kai ta diamerismata, poy ypoxrewtika den aerizontai.

Polla parapona ekfrazontai kai gia ta 120 ``kentra anapnohs'', poy anoije o Dhmos ths Mosxas, polla apo ta opoia den diaqetoyn klimatismo, para mono parhgoria kai tsai gia toys hlikiwmenoys.

Maxh me tis floges

O epikefalhs twn aeroporikwn dynamewn toy ypoyrgeioy Ektaktwn Katastasewn Rafahl Zakirof eipe oti xrhsimopoioyntai 34 iptamena mesa sthn katasbesh twn pyrkagiwn, ek twn opoiwn 9 jena. O ariqmos aytos anamenetai na enisxyqei me 2 amfibia Mperief B-200 poy paralambanontai kateyqeian apo to ergostasio kataskeyhs toys, 2 elikoptera K-32, poy fqanoyn apo thn Toyrkia, dyo aeroskafh apo thn Italia ki ena akomh apo th Gallia.

Ejalloy, mia omada apo amerikanoys diaswstes, eidikeymenoys se katastaseis ektakths anagkhs, efqase shmera sth Mosxa gia na syndramei tis rwsikes arxes sth maxh toys kata twn katastrofikwn pyrkagiwn sta dash ths xwras, anakoinwse h Oyasigkton.

H apostolh akoloyqhse tis thlefwnikes epafes poy eixe thn Paraskeyh h YPEJ Xilari Klinton me ton rwso omologo ths Sergkei Labrof, sth diarkeia twn opoiwn ``oi HPA prosferan sth Rwsia th bohqeia toys gia na katapolemhqoyn oi friktes pyrkagies'', prosqese o idios.

O ekproswpos toy amerikanikoy YPEJ Filip Krooyli anefere epishs pws to Steit Ntipartment ejetazei to aithma ths amerikanikhs presbeias sth Mosxa na apomakrynqoyn ta paidia kai alla melh twn oikogeneiwn toy amerikanikoy diplwmatikoy proswpikoy, ta opoia ypoferoyn apo ton kapno apo tis pyrkagies poy exei kalycei thn atmosfaira sth rwsikh prwteyoysa.

Se syskech sthn opoia prohdreyse o armodios ypoyrgos Ektaktwn Katastasewn Sergkei Saigkoy zhthse anadiatajh twn dynamewn kai sygkentrwsh toys sta pio epikindyna metwpa, metajy twn opoiwn kai ekeino ths Mosxas, poy moiazei anypoxwrhto kai talaipwrei hdh gia deyterh ebdomada toys katoikoys ths prwteyoysas.

O k. Saigkoy proanhggeile ``genikeymenh epiqesh sta metwpa twn perixwrwn ths Mosxas'', poy qa apallajei th rwsikh prwteyoysa apo tis fwties se 5-7 hmeres.

Yperaspistes twn anqrwpinwn dikaiwmatwn sth Rwsia proteinan ston proedro Ntmitri Mentbentef na zhthsei epeigoysa bohqeia apo to ejwteriko gia na antimetwpistoyn oi pyrkagies poy exoyn jespasei se olh th xwra kai gia na apofeyxqei mia pragmatikh "anqrwpistikh katastrofh".

"Shmera egine safes oti to yparxon systhma sth xwra den eparkei gia na antimetwpistei mai tetoia katastash anagkhs" anaferetai se anoikth epistolh poy ypografetai apo thn proedro ths Omadas toy Elsinki, Lioyntmila Alejeeba kai ton prwhn diafwnoynta Sergkei Kobalef.

"Xreiazetai mia megalhs ektashs dieqnhs anqrwpistikh epixeirhsh gia na swqoyn kai zwes kai h fysh", ektimoyn oi ypografontes thn epistolh kai synexizoyn:" Einai fanero oti h xwra den diaqetei arketa mesa gia na antimetwpisei tis fwties".

"Den diaqetoyme para mono tessera pyrosbestika aeroskafh, th stigmh poy oi HPA kai o Kanadas exoyn panw apo 200", prostiqetai sthn idia epistolh kai epishmainetai:" Gia na apofeyxqei mia megalh anqrwpistikh katastrofh, alla kai texnologikh, eiste ypoxrewmenos na zhthsete epeigoysa bohqeia apo toys hgetes kratwn, poy exoyn peira stis maxes kata tnw pyrkagiwn se dash".

Hdh polles xwres , opws Gallia kai Italia exoyn hdh prosferqei na bihqhsoyn th Rwsia, alla symfwna me to ypoyrgeio Ektaktwn Katastasewn poy epiqymei na meiwsei to ycos ths katastrofhs, gia na apofeyxqei h proklhsh panikoy sto lao, "h bohqeia apo to ejwteriko qa krathqei ws rezerba".

Symfwna me ta epishma stoixeia toy ypoyrgeio Ektaktwn Katastasewn 557 esties fwtias einai energes se olh th Rwsia kai se mia ektash 174.000 stremmata. To teleytaio 24wro jespasan 247 nees esties kai katasbesthkan 239. Apo to synoliko ariqmo twn pyrkagiwn oi 25 aforoyn argh kaysh epifaneiakwn koitasmatwn tyrfhs, h atelhs kaysh ths opoias kai paragei to megalytero ogko toy monojeidioy toy anqraka.

Apeilh gia thn ygeia o kapnos

O gematos mikroswmatidia pyknos kapnos apotelei sobarh apeilh gia thn ygeia, proeidopoioyn oi giatroi, poy qewroyn oti to mono ajiopisto metro prostasias einai h apomakrynsh apo th molysmenh perioxh.

H molynsh toy aera ths Mosxas jeperna, analoga me thn wra ths hmeras, kata treis ews eji fores to epipedo synagermoy sth rwsikh prwteyoysa.

To parathrhthrio ths poiothtas toy aera sth Mosxa, to Mosecomonitoring, anakoinwse sthn hlektronikh toy selida oti o kapnos apoteleitai apo epiblabh mikroswmatidia, megeqoys toylaxiston 10 mikrwn, kyriws monojeidioy toy anqraka kai sygkekrimenwn ydrogonanqrakwn.

O molysmenos aeras periexei epishs shmantikes sygkentrwseis ojeidioy toy azwtoy kai qeiwdoys ammwnioy, enw to pososto toy ojygonoy einai meiwmeno.

Symfwna me ton giatro Pabel Logkinof toy Eyrwpaikoy Iatrikoy Kentroy ths Mosxas, o katalogos twn problhmatwn ygeias poy einai piqanon na prokalesei o kapnos einai makrys: brogxitida, asqma, allergies pneymonikes kai ofqalmikes loimwjeis. Epipleon, h elleich ojygonoy ston aera mporei epishs na prokalesei kardiaggeiaka problhmata.

Den yparxoyn mesa gia apotelesmatikh prostasia. "To mono pragma poy bohqa pragmatika einai na fygei kaneis apo th Mosxa", idiaitera oi eyalwtes omades toy plhqysmoy, opws oi xronia pasxontes, oi hlikiwmenoi, ta paidia, ta brefh kai oi egkyoi", ejhgei o giatros Logkinof.

"Gia thn anapnoh, oi xeiroyrgikes kai alles maskes bohqoyn kapws kata twn ereqismwn poy prokaloyntai apo ton kapno, alla ayto den dieyqetei to problhma ths elleichs ojygonoy sthn atmosfaira. Den anapneoyme eykolotera", tonizei o giatros.

Katastrofikes oi synepeies sth sygkomidh

H Rwsia meiwnei epipleon kata 10 ekatom.tonnoys thn epishmh problech ths gia th fetinh ths sygkomidh dhmhtriakwn, apo 90 ekatom.tonnoys poy htan se 60-65, meta ton tragiko syndyasmo toy kayswna kai twn megalwn fwtiwn, poy plhttoyn olh thn perioxh poly konta sth Mosxa, alla kai arketes sibhrikes perioxes, anakoinwqhke epishma shmera sto Kremlino apo ton prwqypoyrgo Blantimir Poytin.

Prin peripoy ena eptahmero, eixe anakoinwqei epishmws oti h fetinh sygkomidh twn dhmhtriakwn qa plhsiaze telika ta 70-75 ekatom.tonnoys. Eixe malista apofasistei na mhn ejaxqoyn fetos rwsika dhmhtriaka, idiws sitari, thn wra poy h Rwsia einai o tritos ejagwgeas toys ston kosmo.

--Amesws, anejarthtws twn apoqematwn poy yparxoyn, meta apo entonh kerdoskopia h timh toy sitarioy ki allwn dhmhtriakwn stis dieqneis agores "phre thn anhfora".

Qa prepei na epishmanqei oti entos rwsikwn synorwn h katanalwsh dhmhtriakwn fqanei kai toys 78 ekatom.tonnoys. Sxetika dieykrinisthke oti yparxoyn 'strathgika' apoqematika toy eidoys, poy anerxontai sta 9,5 ekatom.tonnoys, alla kai perisseymata apo thn persinh sodeia, poy aggizoyn peripoy ta 21 ekatom.tonnoys. Aposafhnisthke oti "to epishmo empargko ejagwgwn dhmhtriakwn den prokeitai na arqei syntoma".

Anabolh dokimwn

Oi dokimes twn pyraylwn Iskanter kai allwn oplwn poy kataskeyazontai sthn Kolomna, 13 xiliometra notioanatolika ths Mosxas, anablhqhkan ejaitias twn pyrkagiwn poy mainontai sthn perioxh ayth, anakoinwse h kataskeyastikh etairia KBM.

"Apo tote poy arxise h jhrasia diakocame tis dokimes kai den mporoyme na tis epanalaboyme, giati yparxei ayjhmenos kindynos pyrkagias", dhlwse o Baleri Kasin, dieyqynths ths etairias.

Oi ballistikoi pyrayloi Iskanter einai mikroy belhnekoys kai h Rwsia apeilei na toys egkatasthsei ston qylako toy Kaliningkrant.

Arketes rwsikes stratiwtikes egkatastaseis exoyn plhgei h apeiloyntai apo tis fwties poy jespasan sta telh Ioylioy.

Oi rwsikes arxes anakoinwsan pws dyo baseis toy stratoy kahkan stis 29 Ioylioy sthn perioxh ths Mosxas.

H kybernhsh anakoinwse stis 5 Aygoystoy oti metefere se asfalh perioxh pyromaxika kai pyrayloys apo thn apoqhkh toy stratoy sto Alampinsk sthn perioxh Naro-Fominsk, 70 xiliometra notiodytika ths Mosxas.

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