[01] An. Papalhgoyras: ``H kaqarsh synexizetai''

Sthn syneleysh parabreqhkan o ypoyrgos Dikaiosynhs An. Papalhgoyras, oi boyleytes Al. Papadopoylos, Ant. Skylakos kai F. Koybelhs, o proedros toy Symboylioy ths Epikrateias G. Panagiwtopoylos, o proedros ths Eqnikhs Sxolhs Dikastwn Pan. Pikrammenos, o genikos epitropos Epikrateias twn Dioikhtikwn Dikasthriwn P. Roymeliwths, oi proedroi twn Dikhgorikwn Syllogwn Aqhnwn, Qessalonikhs kai Peiraia D. Pajinos, D. Garoyfas kai K. Petalas, antistoixa, oi proedroi twn loipwn dikastikwn Enwsewn D. Kyritsakhs, S. Mpagias kai K. Koysoylhs, o tews proedros toy StE X. Gerarhs kai alloi.

O ypoyrgos Dikaiosynhs sthn omilia toy, metajy twn allwn, anefere, ta ejhs:

``Polles apo tis esties diafqoras sto dikastiko swma exoyn apokalyfqei. H hqikh tajh exei apokatastaqei. To traymatismeno kyros twn dikastikwn leitoyrgwn anabaqmizetai. O poliths mporei na sebetai kai pali to Nomo.

H diadikasia, wstoso, ths kaqarshs synexizetai. Kai qa synexisqei, mexri na ejaleifqei kai h teleytaia skia, h teleytaia khlida apo to dikastiko swma. Einai mia anamfibola odynhrh, alla anagkaia diadikasia. Allwste, h adhrith anagkh na oloklhrwqei h kaqarsh den enoxopoiei syllogika to swma twn Ellhnwn dikastwn. Apotelei, antiqeta, oxi mono xreos alla kai symferon ths megalhs pleionothtas twn entimwn dikastikwn leitoyrgwn: oso apoballontai ta noshra stoixeia, toso apokaqistatai to kyros twn leitoyrgwn ths Dikaiosynhs sth syneidhsh ths koinhs gnwmhs. Gib ayto kai to ypoyrgeio Dikaiosynhs, apo thn prwth stigmh energa sthrije kai sthrizei thn prospaqeia ths kaqarshs. Me tis nomoqetikes toy prwtoboylies, me tis draseis toy, me thn atalanteyth politikh toy boylhsh, ejoplise thn hgesia ths Dikaiosynhs kai ta armodia elegktika organa me ta anagkaia metra kai mesa gia na feroyn se peras to ejygiantiko toys ergo xwris diakriseis, xwris anastoles, xwris ekptwseis.

H kaqarsh den einai h monadikh proteraiothta ths politikhs mas. Basikh mas merimna yphrje kai h antimetwpish ths aparadekths kaqysterhshs sthn aponomh ths Dikaiosynhs kata ta teleytaia xronia, poy syxna aggize ta oria ths arnhsidikias, dhmioyrgwntas mia idiotyph dikastikh omhria gia toys xiliades polites poy anazhtoyn to dikio toys sta dikasthria. Qesame ws stoxo thn aisqhth epitaxynsh stoys ryqmoys aponomhs ths Dikaiosynhs, kai jekinhsame mia shmantikh prospaqeia gia thn ekplhrwsh toy.

Oson afora sthn politikh kai poinikh Dikaiosynh, oi nomoqetikes mas prwtoboylies (oi nomoi 3327 kai 3346/2005) exoyn hdh symbalei sthn taxyterh peraiwsh twn ypoqesewn, sthn aposymforhsh twn poinikwn dikasthriwn kai sthn antimetwpish toy sysswreymenoy apo to parelqon ogkoy twn pros ekdikash ypoqesewn. Entelws epigrammatika sas anaferw oti stis poinikes ypoqeseis, o mesos xronos prosdiorismoy dikasimwn sta plhmmelhmata meiwqhke apo 15 mhnes to 2005 se 11 mhnes to 2006 (epitaxynsh kata pososto 27%), enw o mesos xronos prosdiorismoy poinikwn ypoqesewn meiwqhke kata 2 mhnes (epitaxynsh kata pososto 13%). Antistoixa apotelesmata exoyn epiteyxqei kai stis politikes ypoqeseis. Endeiktika, sto Prwtodikeio Aqhnwn, to megalytero dikastiko sxhmatismo ths xwras, kata to prwto ejamhno toy etoys 2006, o mesos xronos prosdiorismoy ypoqesewn taktikhs diadikasias armodiothtas Monomeloys Prwtodikeioy meiwqhke apo 17 mhnes to 2005 se 12 mhnes to 2006 (epitaxynsh kata pososto 30%). O mesos xronos prosdiorismoy ypoqesewn taktikhs diadikasias armodiothtas Polymeloys Prwtodikeioy meiwqhke apo 16 mhnes to 2005 se 10 mhnes to 2006 (epitaxynsh kata pososto 37%). O mesos xronos prosdiorismoy twn ypoqesewn eidikwn diadikasiwn meiwqhke apo 7 mhnes to 2005 se 5 mhnes to 2006 (epitaxynsh kata pososto 29%).

H beltiwsh einai aisqhth kai mas dhmioyrgei thn pepoiqhsh oti analoga qeamatika apotelesmata mporei na epiteyxqoyn kai sto xwro ths Dioikhtikhs Dikaiosynhs.

H nomoparaskeyastikh epitroph poy eixame systhsei, apo anwtatoys dikastikoys, ekproswpoys ths akadhmaikhs koinothtas kai dikhgoroys, exei hdh paradwsei nomosxedio gia thn epitaxynsh ths diadikasias enwpion twn Dioikhtikwn Dikasthriwn. To nomosxedio ayto, afoy teqhke sth diaqesh twn endiaferomenwn merwn, metajy twn opoiwn kai ths Enwshs sas, gia na ekqesoyn tis apoceis toys, exei hdh katateqei sthn Kentrikh Nomoparaskeyastikh Epitroph ths Boylhs kai syntoma qa eisaxqei pros chfish sthn Olomeleia. Proxwrhsame se rhjikeleyqes ryqmiseis kai shmantikes kainotomies''.

Parallhla, o k. Papalhgoyras anaferqhke kai stis epikeimenes proslhceis kai thn lysh aithmatwn twn dikastikwn. Sygkekrimena o ypoyrgos Dikaiosynhs, tonise:

``Me taxeis ryqmoys, ejalloy, prowqoyntai proslhceis, gia thn plhrwsh qesewn kai oloklhrwnontai oi diadikasies diorismwn newn dikastikwn ypallhlwn.

Eidikotera, gia thn antimetwpish twn problhmatwn poy anakyptoyn apo tis kenes organikes qeseis dikastikwn ypallhlwn stis dikastikes yphresies ths xwras kai meta th metatajh 400 dikastikwn ypallhlwn se qeseis grammatewn, to Ypoyrgeio Dikaiosynhs ejasfalise thn egkrish apo ta ypoyrgeia Oikonomias kai Eswterikwn gia thn katb ejairesh proslhch 465 prosqetwn dikastikwn ypallhlwn olwn twn kladwn me diagwnismo. Oi diadikasies jekinoyn amesa, h topoqethsh twn epityxontwn toys qa pragmatopoihqei entos toy 2007, kai qa katanemhqoyn analoga me tis anagkes twn dikastikwn yphresiwn ths xwras. Problecame epishs kai hdh ylopoieitai h diaqesh epi 18mhno, sta diafora dikasthria kai swfronistika katasthmata, analoga me tis kaqb ekaston anagkes, 600 katartizomenwn toy OAED poy amesa qa anakoyfisoyn th Dikaiosynh.

Dromologhsame ejalloy th lysh gia dyo kairia problhmata, poy epi xronia apasxoloysan to dikastiko swma. Exei hdh paradoqei sto ypoyrgeio Dikaiosynhs sxedio nomoy apo thn armodia nomoparaskeyastikh Epitroph, gia thn epiballomenh ejodo ekeinwn twn dikastikwn leitoyrgwn oi opoioi, gia diaforoys logoys, den mporoyn na antapokriqoyn sta kaqhkonta toys.

Akomh, anagnwrizetai ws syntajimos, meta apo aithma toys kai ypo sygkekrimenoys oroys, o xronos dikhgorias twn dikastikwn leitoyrgwn. H dapanh gia thn anagnwrish mexri triwn etwn dikhgorias ypologizetai oti qa anelqei se 1.900.000 eyrw ethsiws.

To ypoyrgeio Oikonomias kai Oikonomikwn peisqhke na kalycei ta parapanw, shmantika posa, prokeimenoy na doqei, epiteloys, lysh se xronizonta aithmata twn dikastikwn leitoyrgwn. Parallhla, to ypoyrgeio Dikaiosynhs ejasfalise epipleon thn ayjhsh kata 50 twn organikwn qesewn twn dikastikwn leitoyrgwn olwn twn baqmidwn, olwn twn dikasthriwn. Malista, apo ton ariqmo ayton, h ayjhsh qesewn gia thn taktikh dioikhtikh Dikaiosynh qa einai analogika idiaitera eynoikh yper ayths. Synolika o ariqmos twn dikastwn qa exei ayjhqei entos ths trietias 2004-2007 kata 217 atoma - enas dioloy eykatafronhtos ariqmos.

Akomh, qelw na sas gnwrisw oti hdh exoyn arxisei oi syzhthseis ths Kybernhshs me tis dikastikes Enwseis gia thn epilysh twn misqologikwn zhthmatwn twn dikastikwn leitoyrgwn. Yphrje mia prwth synanthsh toy Ypoyrgoy Eqnikhs Oikonomias kai Oikonomikwn, emoy kai twn Proedrwn twn Enwsewn sas. Symfwnhqhke na synanthqoyme ek neoy stis 28 Febroyarioy kai afoy en tw metajy to Geniko Logisthrio toy Kratoys qa exei oloklhrwsei thn ereyna toy gia tis dhmosionomikes epiptwseis twn ryqmisewn poy syzhtoyme. Pisteyw, qelw na pisteyw, oti syntoma qa exoyme apotelesmata. To Ypoyrgeio Dikaiosynhs steketai anepifylakta sto pleyro toy Ellhna Dikasth, prokeimenoy na ejasfalisei tis kalyteres dynates synqhkes sthn epitelesh toy dyskoloy oso kai krisimoy gia thn koinwnia ergoy toy''.

Telos, o k.Papalhgoyras anaferqhke sthn systash Syntagmatikoy Dikasthrioy, legontas:

``To Syntagmatiko Dikasthrio qa apotelei to diadoxo toy Anwtatoy Eidikoy Dikasthrioy, me ayjhmenes omws armodiothtes se qemata elegxoy ths syntagmatikothtas twn nomwn kai elegxoy toy legomenoy ``politikoy xrhmatos''. H epoxh mas apaitei asfaleia dikaioy kai taxythta sthn epilysh twn diaforwn, kai malista twn shmantikoterwn metajy aytwn, opws einai oi syntagmatikes diafores. Ejalloy, to Syntagma den einai, opws palaiotera, ena keimeno poy spaniws epikaloyntan oi diadikoi kai spaniws anaferontan stis diatajeis toy oi apofaseis twn dikasthriwn. Oi syntagmatikes diatajeis apoteloyn shmera kaqhmerinh ylh kai pragmatikothta sth dikasthriakh - kai oxi mono - praktikh. Einai to fainomeno ths legomenhs ``diaxyshs'' toy Syntagmatos sthn kaqhmerinh zwh twn politwn. Den einai, loipon, anekth h anasfaleia dikaioy me tis allhlosygkroyomenes apofaseis, poy moiraiws prokalei to systhma toy amigws diaxytoy kai parempiptontos elegxoy ths syntagmatikothtas twn nomwn. Sthn ejaleich twn problhmatwn aytwn, pisteyoyme oti qa symbalei h idrysh toy Syntagmatikoy Dikasthrioy. Den einai allwste tyxaio oti, h megalh pleionothta twn eyrwpaikwn kratwn exoyn epilejei thn idrysh syntagmatikwn dikasthriwn gia thn epilysh zhthmatwn elegxoy ths syntagmatikothtas twn nomwn.

Qa prepei, pantws, idiaitera na tonistei oti me thn protash ths koinoboyleytikhs pleiochfias den katargeitai o diaxytos kai parempiptwn elegxos. Den katargeitai to arqro 93 paragrafos 4 toy Syntagmatos. Ta dikasthria ypoxreoyntai, kai meta thn protash mas, na mhn efarmozoyn nomo poy to periexomeno toy einai antiqeto pros to Syntagma. Den diarrhgnyetai dhladh h makra syntagmatikh mas paradosh, allb epixeireitai synqesh, osmwsh twn dyo systhmatwn, toy diaxytoy kai toy sygkentrwtikoy, me thn yioqethsh enos miktoy systhmatos poy kai thn syntagmatikh mas paradosh qa sebetai kai qa symbalei sthn asfaleia kai sthn taxyterh epilysh twn syntagmatikwn diaforwn pros ofelos toy Ellhna polith''.

O proedros toy StE G. Panagiwtopoylos, ston syntomo xairetismo toy, tonise oti ``h Dioikhtikh Dikaiosynh diefyge apo thn lailapa toy legomenoy paradikastikoy kyklwmatos alwbhth'' kai synexizei ``na askei ton qesmiko ths rolo toy elegxoy ths nomimothtas ths dioikhtikhs drashs, anephreasth apo ta symferonta kai tis pieseis twn opoiwndhpote politikwn, oikonomikwn kai koinwnikwn omadwn''.

Akoma, o k.Panagiwtopoylos anefere oti oi polites ``paradosiaka cegoyn thn Dioikhtika Dikasthria gia kaqysterhsh poy epideiknyoyn sthn ekdosh twn apofasewn toys''. Parallhla, proseqese o proedros toy StE: ``Ta aitia ths kaqysterhsews einai polla kai gnwsta se oloys mas, ta perissotera de apo ayta ekfeygoyn ths sfairas toy elegxoy mas''. Omws, synexise o k.Panagiwtopoylos, ``qa htan laqos na apopoihqoyme plhrws twn eyqynwn mas kai na katadikasoyme gia akomh mia fora thn Dioikhsh poy paranomei kai toys polites poy epimenoyn na katafeygoyn me to paramikro sta dikasthria''. Kai katelhje o proedros toy StE: ``prin ejapolysoyme toys mydroys mas kata twn allwn, qa prepei prwta na kanoyme emeis, otidhpote einai anqrwpinws dynaton, prokeimenoy na antimetwpisqei to meizon problhma ths kaqysterhsews''.

H proedros ths Enwshs Dioikhtikwn Dikastwn Eirhnh Giannadakh, sthn omilia ths tonise, metajy twn allwn, ta ejhs: ``Einai koinos topos oti to systhma aponomhs Dikaiosynhs sthn xwra mas pasxei sobara, poy shmainei oti kati den ginetai swsta. Oti oi protaseis kai oi nomoi poy chfizontai exoyn pyrosbestiko apospasmatiko kai proxeiro xarakthra. Oti prospaqoyme na antimetwpisome thn kaqhmerinothta anti na qesome tis baseis gia meleth oloy toy fainomenoy aponomhs ths Dikaiosynhs''.

Akoma, h k.Giannadakh eipe oti ``h bradythta sthn aponomh ths Dikaiosynhs exei ejelixqei se xronia -kai elpizoyme- oxi aniath paqhsh''. Oi ariqmoi einai apokalyptikoi, anefere h proedros ths Enwshs, afoy sta Dioikhtika Prwtodikeia ths xwras ekkremoyn gia prosdiorismo 300.000 ypoqeseis kai h ayjhsh twn ekkremwn ypoqesewn anamenetai na einai akomh megalyterh me thn metafora kai newn armodiothtwn apo to StE''.

[02] Proeidopoihsh pros ta kartel

Thn anafora ayth ekane o k. Papaqanasioy sto plaisio ths omilias toy gia to neo qesmiko plaisio peri prostasias toy katanalwth, epishmainontas oti ``gia thn akribeia eyqynontai mikres kai oligopwliakes agores, poy den dhmioyrghqhkan se mia mera, kai kata to idio diasthma to kratos den eixe anaptyjei oysiastiko elegktiko rolo''.

O k. Papaqanasioy analyontas thn politikh toy ypoyrgeioy gia ton elegxo ths agoras, tonise oti stoxos einai h peraiterw enisxysh toy ariqmoy ths diafaneias kai ths poiothtas twn elegxwn gi' ayto kai opws eipe to 2006 dienerghqhkan oi perissoteroi elegxoi apo kaqe allh xronia.

Anakoinwse oti entos toy Martioy qa leitoyrghsei sthn perifereia Hpeiroy dieyqynsh toy EFET, enw etoimazetai mia akomh dieyqynsh sth Qrakh, kai parotryne thn topikh aytodioikhsh na dhmioyrghsei grafeio Katanalwth se kaqe dhmo.

Tonise akomh oti qa zhtaei apologistika stoixeia apo thn topikh aytodioikhsh gia ta apotelesmata twn elegxwn poy pragmatopoioyntai kaqe mhna kai anefere xarakthristika oti to ypoyrgeio qa epimeinei sth qesh toy oti prepei na dhmosiopoioyntai ta onomata oswn epixeirhsewn timwroyntai.

Se oti afora thn calida poy parathreitai twn timwn paragwghs kai twn lianikwn timwn eipe oti oloi einai synypeyqynoi se ayth th diadikasia, kai gi' ayto oi elegxoi qa ginoyn aysthroteroi se ola ta stadia kai pros kaqe kateyqynsh. Hdh katagrafontai ta prwta qetika apotelesmata tonise xarakthristika.

Gnwstopoihse epishs, oti proqesh toy ypoyrgeioy einai na jekinhsei amesa dialogos gia thn anamorfwsh toy n. 146/1914, peri aqemitoy antagwnismoy, wste gia sygkekrimena pedia ths agoras na yparjoyn oysiastikes kai apotelesmatikes parembaseis yper oswn epixeirhsewn droyn sta nomima plaisia kai thn prostasia ths ygioys epixeirhmatikothtas.

Telos, edwse emfash sto problhma poy exei dhmioyrghsei o yper-daneismos sta ellhnika noikokyria, tonizontas oti hdh exoyn ginei systaseis pros tis trapezes gia thn eyqynh poy exoyn me thn epiqetikh emporikh politikh toys kai oti to ypoyrgeio diereyna tropoys parembashs exontas hdh elqei se epikoinwnia me thn Enwsh Ellhnikwn Trapezwn.

Ereyna

To shmantikotero ``oplo'' twn katanalwtwn einai to dikaiwma toys sthn epilogh, opws epishmainetai se ereyna ths Genikhs Grammateias Katanalwth gia thn katanalwtikh symperifora kai thn katanalwtikh syneidhsh.

Ta basikotera krithria sta opoia sthrizontai oi katanalwtes genikotera gia tis agores toys einai kata seira proteraiothtas h poiothta, h timh, h asfaleia, h kalh ejyphrethsh kai h eykolh prosbash sto shmeio pwlhshs. Wstoso h seira ayth diaforopoieitai analoga me to proion h thn yphresia poy agorazoyn.

Endeiktika anaferetai oti h timh einai se oles tis kathgories se poly ychlh qesh (2h h 3h), alla sthn kathgoria kinhth kai staqerh thlefwnia einai to prwto krithrio, enw thn kathgoria yphresies ygeias brisketai sthn pempth qesh.

Alla symperasmata ths ereynas exoyn ws ejhs:

- Oi diafores koinwnikes parametroi kai oikologika xarakthristika briskontai staqera se poly xamhlh qesh.

- H eykolia prosbashs sto katasthma, sthn yphresia h to proion, an kai den brisketai chla sthn ierarxhsh twn katanalwtwn, sthn prajh apodeiknyetai krisimos paragontas.

- H poiothta einai to prwto krithrio epiloghs stis kathgories diatrofh endysh, oikiakes syskeyes, ekpaideysh, ygeia kaysima anacyxh kai diaskedash, hlektronika eidh, jenodoxeia, institoyta aisqhtikhs kai adynatismatos.

- H asfaleia einai prwto krithrio epiloghs stis trapezikes synallages, pwlhseis mesw internet, asfalistikes etaireies, aytokinhta motosikletes, metafores metakinhseis.

- Oi katanalwtes kata 34,4% ektimoyn oti den mporoyn na ephreasoyn thn timh kai thn poiothta twn proiontwn.

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