Voice of America, 20 November 1995

From: [email protected] (Ioannis Bousnakis)

Voice of America Directory

CONTENTS

[01] MONDAY'S HEADLINES BY ANDREW N. GUTHRIE (WASHINGTON)

INTRO: EDITORIALS IN U-S NEWSPAPERS THIS MONDAY ARE GENERALLY NOT TALKING ABOUT THE LATE SUNDAY COMPROMISE THAT HAS SENT GOVERNMENT WORKERS BACK TO THEIR JOBS. DEVELOPMENTS HAPPENED TOO LATE FOR MOST PAPERS TO REACT IN EDITORIAL COLUMNS. THEY ARE, INSTEAD, TALKING ABOUT POLITICAL CORRUPTION IN SOUTH KOREA; THE GENERAL DISAGREEMENT BETWEEN THE PRESIDENT AND CONGRESS OVER THE BUDGET; MEXICO'S FINANCIAL PROBLEMS; RUSSIAN POLITICS; AND FREEDOM OF RELIGION IN TIBET. NOW HERE WITH A CLOSER LOOK IS ________________ AND TODAY'S EDITORIAL DIGEST.

TEXT: THE LEAD EDITORIAL IN TODAY'S "BALTIMORE SUN" DEALS WITH THE EVOLVING POLITICAL CORRUPTION SCANDAL IN SEOUL, IN WHAT THE PAPER IS CALLING "SOUTH KOREA'S WATERGATE."

VOICE: "UNRAVELING IN SOUTH KOREA IS SCANDAL ON A GRAND SCALE - - A WATERGATE INVOLVING PRESIDENTIAL CRIMINALITY AND FINANCIAL CORRUPTION OF S&L (SAVINGS AND LOAN DEBACLE) PROPORTIONS. FORMER PRESIDENT ROH TAE WOO IS IN JAIL, FACING INDICTMENT FOR OPERATING A 650-MILLION DOLLAR SLUSH FUND FED BY BRIBES HE TOOK FROM INDUSTRIAL MAGNATES. ..... FOR THE UNITED STATES, THIS HAS TO BE A CAUSE OF REAL CONCERN. THE U-S WENT TO WAR TO DEFEND SOUTH KOREA IN 1950, THEN SPENT HEAVILY TO PUT IT ON THE ROAD TO PROSPERITY. ..... IT IS A SIGN OF SOUTH KOREA'S COMING OF AGE, POLITICALLY, THAT THIS IS ONE SCANDAL THAT CANNOT BE TURNED OFF. . . . THE LINE BETWEEN EXCHANGING FAVORS AND GIVING OR TAKING BRIBES MAY BE BLURRED IN MANY SOCIETIES. BUT THE LINE EXISTS, AND IT IS SOUTH KOREA'S TASK TO SEE THAT IT IS DEFINED AND ENFORCED."

TEXT: ON THE SAME TOPIC, "THE WASHINGTON POST" COMMENTS:

VOICE: "FEW HAVE DONE MORE TO ADVANCE DEMOCRACY IN SOUTH KOREA THAN THE FORMER PRESIDENT, ROH TAE WOO, WHO ABANDONED THE PRACTICE OF THE MILITARY'S ANOINTMENT OF A POLITICAL LEADER AND INSTEAD RAN FAIR AND WON IN A DIRECTION ELECTION. BUT FEW HAVE DONE MORE ONCE IN OFFICE TO DISCREDIT DEMOCRACY EITHER. ....... A KOREA PUBLIC ACCUSTOMED TO TALES OF PAYOFFS AND SPECIAL PRIVILEGES IS SHOCKED BY THE SCALE OF THE CORRUPTION NOW REVEALED. ..... CORRUPTION REFLECTS HUMAN WEAKNESS. IT CAN LUBRICATE A RIGID SYSTEM. BUT FORTUNATE COUNTRIES HAVE AN INTERNAL DISCIPLINE TO KEEP IT FROM GETTING OUT OF HAND. .... SOUTH KOREANS HAVE A HUGE JOB AHEAD - - TO ENFORCE THE LAW IN HIGH PLACES AND TO STRENGTHEN THE HABITS AND INSTITUTIONS OF CONTROL."

TEXT: ALTHOUGH THE BUDGET IMPASSE BETWEEN THE PRESIDENT AND CONGRESS HAS BEEN TEMPORARILY RESOLVED AND GOVERNMENT WORKERS ARE BACK ON THE JOB, "THE CHRISTIAN SCIENCE MONITOR" SUGGESTS THE AMERICAN PEOPLE HAVE ONLY THEMSELVES TO BLAME OVER DEADLOCK IN WASHINGTON.

VOICE: "PUBLIC-OPINION POLLS, WHICH EVERYONE IN WASHINGTON IS WATCHING CLOSELY THESE DAYS, SAY THAT AMERICANS ARE DISGUSTED OVER THE BUDGET GRIDLOCK IN WASHINGTON AND BLAME POLITICIANS OF BOTH PARTIES. WITH ALL DUE RESPECT, IF VOTERS WANT TO FIND SOMEONE TO BLAME FOR THE MESS, THEY MIGHT START BY LOOKING IN THE MIRROR. WHO, AFTER ALL, KEEPS SENDING TO WASHINGTON PRESIDENTS OF ONE PARTY AND LEGISLATURES OF THE OTHER? ..... .... VOTERS SHOULD PAY CLOSE ATTENTION TO EACH PARTY'S POSITION. AND IF THEY RE-ELECT BOTH THIS PRESIDENT AND THIS CONGRESS, ALL WE'LL BE ABLE TO SAY IS: STOP COMPLAINING."

TEXT: "THE LOS ANGELES TIMES," WHICH TODAY RESUMES PUBLICATION OF ITS WASHINGTON EDITION, IS CONCERNED ABOUT MEXICO'S ON-GOING FINANCIAL WOES.

VOICE: "FOR MORE THAN A YEAR NOW, MEXICANS HAVE BEEN ON AN ECONOMIC ROLLER COASTER. EVERY TIME BANCO DE MEXICO, THE CENTRAL BANK, RAISES INTEREST RATES TO SHORE UP THE SICK PESO, THE STOCK MARKET CRASHES AND THE PESO BECOMES EVEN WEAKER, DIMINISHING BUYING POWER. ..... IT IS TIME FOR PRESIDENT ERNESTO ZEDILLO TO BRING AN END TO THIS, TAKE FIRMER PERSONAL CONTROL OF ECONOMIC POLICY AND, IF NEED BE, INSTALL A NEW ECONOMIC TEAM. [OPT] BOTH THE INTERNATIONAL FINANCIAL MARKETS AND MEXICAN PUBLIC OPINION DEMAND FROM HIM A DECISIVENESS THAT SETS THE COURSE OF RECOVERY, A DECISIVENESS THAT SO FAR HAS BEEN LACKING." [END OPT]

TEXT: TURNING TO RUSSIA, "THE NEW YORK TIMES" IS CONCERNED ABOUT THE COMING ELECTIONS -- AND THE IMPORT FROM THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICAN STYLE CAMPAIGNING AND ADVERTISING.

VOICE: "IT IS DISHEARTENING, IF NOT UNSURPRISING, TO LEARN THAT FRIVOLOUS POLITICAL CAMPAIGNING IS NOW AMONG THE PRIMARY AMERICAN EXPORTS TO RUSSIA. AS RUSSIANS MOVE GINGERLY TOWARD DEMOCRACY AND CAPITALISM, THE ARRIVAL OF VACUOUS POLITICAL CAMPAIGNS WAS PROBABLY INEVITABLE. ..... STILL, IT SEEMS A PITY THAT THESE EARLY YEARS OF RUSSIAN DEMOCRACY SHOULD NOW BE CURSED BY THE KIND OF SUPERFICIAL POLITICS THAT HAS MADE AMERICANS DESPAIR ABOUT THEIR OWN POLITICAL PROCESS."

TEXT: "NEW YORK NEWSDAY," TALKING OF THE DAYTON, OHIO PEACE CONFERENCE ON BOSNIA, COMMENTS THAT: "IT MAY BE BETTER IF BOSNIA TALKS FAIL NOW, RATHER THAN PRODUCE A PACT THAT FAILS LATER." "THE DAILY NEWS" IN THE SAME CITY, THE NATION'S LARGEST TABLOID, REMINDS READERS OF AN IMPORTANT ANNIVERSARY.

VOICE: "FIFTY YEARS AGO TODAY SAW THE OPENING OF THE NUREMBERG TRIALS FOR THE TOP NAZI WAR CRIMINALS. FOR COMMITTING GENOCIDE AND CRIMES AGAINST HUMANITY, 12 OF THE 21 DEFENDANTS RECEIVED DEATH, THREE LIFE IN PRISON AND FOUR GOT LESSER TERMS. ..... IT WAS THE FIRST TIME ... A NATION'S LEADERSHIP WAS HELD TO ACCOUNT IN A COURT OF LAW FOR ACTIONS DURING WARTIME. THE SECOND TIME MUST BE NOW. AND THE DEFENDANTS SHOULD BE THE MODERN NAZIS, BOSNIAN SERBS."

TEXT: AND LASTLY, IN ANOTHER AREA OF HUMAN RIGHTS, THE UNFETTERED PRACTICE OF RELIGION, "THE PORTLAND [MAINE] PRESS HERALD" IS SHARPLY CRITICAL OF CHINA FOR ITS INTERFERENCE IN THE SELECTION BY THE DALAI LAMA OF THE BOY NAMED TO BE THE INCARNATION OF THE SECOND HIGHEST RELIGIOUS FIGURE IN THAT LAND, THE PANCHEN LAMA. THE MAINE PAPER NOTES:

VOICE: "NOT CONTENT WITH MURDERING A FIFTH OF THE PEOPLE OF TIBET, CHINA'S COMMUNIST DESPOTS NOW WANT TO MURDER THEIR RELIGION AS WELL. COMMUNIST PARTY OFFICIALS IN CHARGE OF RELIGIOUS AFFAIRS . . . HAVE DECREED THE TIBETAN PEOPLE CAN'T HAVE THEIR PANCHEN LAMA. THEY WILL HAVE TO TAKE ONE WHOSE SELECTION HAS BEEN ENGINEERED BY THE STATE INSTEAD. TIBETANS COULD ENDURE THE 'ACTS OF MURDER, RAPE AND ARBITRARY IMPRISONMENT; TORTURE AND CRUEL, INHUMAN AND DEGRADING TREATMENT' BY THE CHINESE ... THE UNITED NATIONS HAS CONDEMNED. THEY COULD NOT ENDURE THE LOSS OF WHAT IT IS THAT MAKES THEM A PEOPLE. IN STANDING UP TO THEIR OPPRESSORS ON THIS ISSUE, THEY SHOULD NOT HAVE TO STAND ALONE."

TEXT AND ON THAT NOTE, WE CONCLUDE THIS BRIEF SAMPLING OF EDITORIAL OPINIONS ACROSS AMERICA THIS MONDAY MORNING.

ANG/NES

20-Nov-95 10:33 AM EST (1533 UTC)
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Source: Voice of America
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[02] !!! VOA DAILY BOSNIA REPORT -- NOVEMBER 20, 1995

VOA DAILY BOSNIA REPORT -- 11/20/95 THE FOLLOWING IS A SYNOPSIS OF SIGNIFICANT REPORTING ON BOSNIA BY THE VOICE OF AMERICA THAT HAD BEEN BROADCAST OR FIRMLY SCHEDULED AT THE TIME OF PUBLICATION. THIS SELECTION IS NOT INTENDED TO BE EXHAUSTIVE, AND DOES NOT INCLUDE LATE-BREAKING NEWS OR THE MANY REPORTS IN ALL VOA LANGUAGES THAT ARE BASED ON COMMERCIAL WIRE SERVICES OR OTHER SECONDARY SOURCES. WE REGRET THAT WE CANNOT RESPOND TO REQUESTS FOR TRANSCRIPTS OF SPECIFIC BROADCASTS OR PROGRAM SEGMENTS. FOR FURTHER INFORMATION, CONTACT VOA, OFFICE OF EXTERNAL AFFAIRS. TELEPHONE: +1-202-619-2538. ELECTRONIC MAIL: [email protected] (FOR CORRESPONDENCE FROM OUTSIDE THE UNITED STATES); [email protected] (FOR CORRESPONDENCE WITHIN THE UNITED STATES).

PERRY / BOSNIA TALKS -- DEFENSE SECRETARY WILLIAM PERRY HAS JOINED OTHER SENIOR CLINTON ADMINISTRATION OFFICIALS IN DAYTON, OHIO, WHERE NEGOTIATIONS FOR A BOSNIA PEACE ACCORD MAY BE NEARING A CLIMAX. THE UNITED STATES WOULD BE THE LEAD CONTRIBUTOR IN A MULTINATIONAL FORCE TO IMPLEMENT AN ACCORD. CORRESPONDENT DAVID GOLLUST REPORTS FROM THE PENTAGON. (11/17)

BOSNIA / REFUGEES -- THE CROATIAN GOVERNMENT IS STEPPING UP THE PRESSURE ON A LARGE GROUP OF BOSNIAN MUSLIM REFUGEES, WHO ARE RESISTING EFFORTS TO RETURN THEM TO THEIR HOMES IN THE NORTHWESTERN REGION OF BIHAC. MORE THAN TWENTY THOUSAND FOLLOWERS OF REBEL MUSLIM LEADER FIKRET ABDIC FLED TO CROATIA LAST AUGUST AFTER BOSNIAN GOVERNMENT TROOPS RECAPTURED THEIR STRONGHOLD AROUND THE TOWN OF VELIKA KLADUSA. UN OFFICIALS IN GENEVA FEAR CROATIAN AUTHORITIES MAY BE PREPARING TO FORCIBLY REPATRIATE THE REFUGEES. FROM GENEVA, CORRESPONDENT DOUGLAS ROBERTS REPORTS. (11/17)

CROAT-SERB RELATIONS -- CROATIAN PRESIDENT FRANJO TUDJMAN SAYS AN AGREEMENT HAS BEEN REACHED TO NORMALIZE RELATIONS BETWEEN CROATIA AND SERBIA. BUT, HE SAYS THE AGREEMENT WILL NOT BE SIGNED UNTIL A BOSNIAN PEACE AGREEMENT IS CONCLUDED AND A DECISION IS MADE TO LIFT INTERNATIONAL SANCTIONS AGAINST SERBIA. CORRESPONDENT WAYNE COREY REPORTS. (11/17)

OHIO / BOSNIA PEACE TALKS -- STAFFER ZDENKO NOVACKI REPORTED FROM THE STATE DEPARTMENT PRESS CONFERENCE AT THE US AIR FORCE BASE WRIGHT-PATTERSON IN DAYTON, OHIO. STATE DEPARTMENT SPOKESMAN, NICHOLAS BURNS SAID THAT NEGOTIATIONS ARE AT THE DECISIVE POINT. (CROATIAN 11/20)

BOSNIAN DELEGATION / PEACE TALKS -- NEW YORK STRINGER IVICA PULJIC SPOKE WITH MEMBERS OF THE BOSNIAN DELEGATION AT THE DAYTON TALKS AND REPORTS THAT THE MAIN POINTS OF CONTENTION REMAINING ARE THE CONTROL OVER LAND CORRIDORS AND THE STATUS OF SARAJEVO. (CROATIAN 11/20)

DAYTON / NEWS CONFERENCE -- STATE DEPARTMENT SPOKESMAN NICHOLAS BURNS SAYS THE WARRING PARTIES REPRESENTATIVES AT THE DAYTON TALKS WERE GIVEN DEADLINE TO COMPLETE THE TALKS BY MONDAY MORNING. STAFFER ZDENKO NOVACKI REPORTS FROM THE WRIGHT-PATTERSON AIR BASE. (CROATIAN 11/19)

SECURITY COUNCIL / YUGO SANCTIONS -- STRINGER IVICA PULJIC REPORTS FROM THE UNITED NATIONS ON BRITISH AND RUSSIAN PROPOSALS TO SUSPEND THE ECONOMIC SANCTIONS AGAINST YUGOSLAVIA. ACCORDING TO BOTH PROPOSALS, INTERNATIONAL PEACE EFFORTS ARE GOING TO BE ENHANCED IF THE SANCTIONS AGAINST YUGOSLAVIA ARE TEMPORARILY SUSPENDED. (CROATIAN 11/18)

GERMANY / BOSNIA -- BONN CORRESPONDENT IVICA LOVRIC REPORTS ON THE LEADING GERMAN OPPOSITIONAL PARTY, SOCIAL-DEMOCRAT PARTY, STRONGLY OPPOSING GERMAN SOLDIERS TAKING PART IN NATO FORCES IN BOSNIA THIS ATTITUDE HAS BEEN GROWING SINCE SDP RECENTLY GOT A NEW LEADER WHO IS CONSIDERED A LEFT-WINGER. (CROATIAN 11/18)

WAR CRIMES / BOSNIAN CROATS -- STRINGER LINDA MILISA TALKED TO TWO OUT OF SIX BOSNIAN CROATS INDICTED FOR WAR CRIMES BY THE HAGUE TRIBUNAL. THEY SAY THEY ARE READY TO FACE THE TRIBUNAL SINCE THEY THINK THEY WILL BE ACQUITTED. (CROATIAN 11/18)

CROATIA / PEACE TALKS -- CROATIAN PRESIDENT FRANJO TUDJMAN TRAVELS TO THE USA TO REJOIN PEACE TALKS IN DAYTON, OHIO. AT THE ZAGREB AIRPORT HE SAID HE EXPECTS THE PEACE AGREEMENT TO BE COMPLETED MONDAY. STRINGER LINDA MILISA REPORTS. (CROATIAN 11/19)

BOSNIAN CROATS / OHIO PEACE TALKS -- ZAGREB STRINGER ZELJKO MATIC REPORTED THAT BOSNIAN CROAT NATIONAL COUNCIL PROTESTED AGAINST THE POSSIBLE COMPROMISE REGARDING THE POSAVINA CORRIDOR REGION IN NORTHERN BOSNIA, ACCORDING TO WHICH THIS AREA WOULD BE GIVEN TO BOSNIAN SERBS. (CROATIAN 11/18)

PEACE TALKS / DAYTON -- A STATE DEPARTMENT SPOKESMAN ANNOUNCED THE END OF THE PEACE TALKS IN DAYTON. HE SAID THAT THERE IS STILL A GAP REGARDING THE MAJOR ISSUES. THE CLOSING CEREMONY IS SCHEDULED FOR MONDAY. STAFFER DJORDJE PUTIC REPORTS FROM DAYTON. (SERBIAN 11/19)

NATO / AMERICAN TROOPS / BOSNIA -- NATO CLAIMS THAT THE DECISION OF THE US HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES NOT TO APPROVE THE FUNDS FOR SENDING AMERICAN TROOPS TO PEACE FORCES IN BOSNIA COULD ENDANGER THE WHOLE PEACE PROCESS IN THE FORMER YUGOSLAVIA. STRINGER DRAGAN BLAGOJEVIC REPORTS FROM BRUSSELS. (SERBIAN 11/18)

BELGRADE MEDIA / DAYTON -- IN ABSENCE OF ANY FORMAL STATEMENTS FROM THE REPRESENTATIVES OF YUGOSLAVIA AND THE DELEGATION OF THE BOSNIAN SERBS WHO ARE ATTENDING PEACE TALKS IN DAYTON, YUGOSLAV MEDIA IS REPORTING THAT THE TALKS IN DAYTON ARE ENTERING THE FINAL STAGE. STRINGER DUSAN MASIC REPORTS FROM BELGRADE. (SERBIAN 11/18)

TUDJMAN / SPEECH -- COMMENTING ON THE DAYTON PEACE TALKS, CROATIAN PRESIDENT F TUDJMAN SAID THAT AN AGREEMENT ON NORMALIZING RELATIONS BETWEEN ZAGREB AND BELGRADE HAS BEEN REACHED. HOWEVER, HE ADDED THAT THE ACCORD WILL NOT BE SIGNED UNTIL THE PEACE AGREEMENT ON BOSNIA IS ACHIEVED, AND INTERNATIONAL SANCTIONS AGAINST SERBIA LIFTED. STRINGER STEVICA SUSA REPORTS FORM ZAGREB. (SERBIAN 11/17)

EUROPEAN UNION / HELP FOR FORMER YUGOSLAVIA -- EUROPEAN UNION FOREIGN AFFAIRS MINISTERS MEET IN BRUSSELS TO DISCUSS THE PLAN TO ASSIST THE COUNTRIES OF FORMER YUGOSLAVIA. STRINGER DRAGAN BLAGOJEVIC REPORTS FROM BRUSSELS THAT THE PLAN IS NOW FOCUSING ON THE WORLD BANK. (SERBIAN 11/19)

EUROPEAN UNION / RECONSTRUCTION PLAN -- STRINGER LADA STIPIC NISETEO REPORTS FROM BRUSSELS ON THE NEWEST EUROPEAN UNION PLANS TO HELP IN THE RECONSTRUCTION OF BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA AND CROATIA. (CROATIAN 11/18)

CROATIA / VUKOVAR ANNIVERSARY -- CORRESPONDENT ZELJKO MATIC REPORTS ON THE GATHERING IN FRONT OF THE US EMBASSY IN ZAGREB OF WOMEN WHOSE RELATIVES WERE KILLED OR DISAPPEARED IN THE CROATIAN TOWN OF VUKOVAR RUN OVER BY THE SERBS 1991. THE DEMANDED THAT THE US TO PUT PRESSURE ON SERBIAN PRESIDENT MILOSEVIC TO REVEAL WHAT HAPPENED WITH THE MISSING. (CROATIAN 11/18)

KOSOVO ALBANIANS / MILOSEVIC -- THE KOSOVO'S COUNCIL FOR THE DEFENSE OF HUMAN RIGHTS AND FREEDOMS SAYS IT WILL HAND OVER DOCUMENTS TO THE INTERNATIONAL WAR CRIMES TRIBUNAL FOR THE FORMER YUGOSLAVIA THAT COULD LEAD TO AN INDICTMENT OF SERBIAN PRESIDENT SLOBODAN MILOSEVIC. THE COUNCIL HAS CHARGED MILOSEVIC, FORMER SERBIAN POLICE CHIEF ZORAN SOKOLOVIC, AND OTHER POLICE OFFICIALS WITH RESPONSIBILITY FOR CRIMES AGAINST HUMANITY AND GENOCIDE, INCLUDING THE KILLING OF ABOUT 150 ALBANIANS SINCE 1989. IT ALSO POINTS TO SOME 300,000 CASES OF HARASSMENT AND TORTURE. STRINGER AFERDITA SARACINI KELMENDI REPORTS. (ALBANIAN 11/20)

BRITAIN / BOSNIA -- BRITISH PRIME MINISTER JOHN MAJOR EXPRESSED ASSURANCES TO BOSNIAN PRESIDENT ALIJA IZETBEGOVIC. HE STRESSED THAT ONCE THE PEACE AGREEMENT IS IN PLACE, THE BRITISH GOVERNMENT WILL CONTINUE TO PLAY A LEADING ROLE IN THE PEACE IMPLEMENTATION MISSION. STRINGER RIJALDA SEBEK REPORTS FROM LONDON. (SERBIAN 11/19)

PAVLOVIC / SLAVONIA -- PROFESSOR OF HISTORY AT THE UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHAMPTON, S PAVLOVIC DISCUSSED THE AGREEMENT ON EASTERN SLAVONIA IN AN INTERVIEW WITH OUR STRINGER RIALDA SEBEK. MR. PAVLOVIC BELIEVES THAT THE ACCORD BETWEEN CROATIAN GOVERNMENT AND SERBS FROM EASTERN SLAVONIA REPRESENTS FIRST IMPORTANT STEP FOR COMPREHENSIVE SETTLEMENT OF YUGOSLAV CRISIS. (SERBIAN 11/17)

LADJEVIC / SLAVONIA -- SPOKESMAN FOR THE SERBIAN DEMOCRATIC FORUM P LADJEVIC TALKS ABOUT THE ACCORD ON EASTERN SLAVONIA IN AN INTERVIEW WITH STRINGER RIALDA SEBEK IN LONDON. MR LADJEVIC HOPES THAT THE AGREEMENT WILL IMPROVE THE OVERALL SITUATION OF SERBIAN POPULATION THROUGHOUT CROATIA. (SERBIAN 11/17)

DAYTON / US EXPERT REACTIONS -- KEN JENSEN, DIRECTOR OF THE AMERICAN PEACE INSTITUTE AND CHARLES KUPCHAN OF THE COUNCIL FOR FOREIGN RELATION AGREE THAT THE PEACE AGREEMENT FOR BOSNIA WILL PROBABLY BE SIGNED IN A COUPLE OF DAYS. THEY ALSO AGREE THAT, AS A LONG TERM SOLUTION, THE FINAL AGREEMENT WILL PROBABLY NOT BE AS BAD FOR BOSNIA AS SOME PREDICT, ALTHOUGH IT IS NOT AS JUST AS IT SHOULD BE. THEY PREDICT THAT SERBIAN PRESIDENT MILOSEVIC WILL REMOVE THE BOSNIAN SERB LEADERS FROM POWER. MR. KUPCHAN ALSO SAID THAT IN SPITE OF THE SIGNATURES, SOME KEY ISSUES WILL STILL HAVE TO BE RESOLVED LATER. INTERVIEW BY STAFFER DZEILANA PECANIN. (CROATIAN 11/17)

UN / CROATIA -- THE UN SECURITY COUNCIL HAS POSTPONED DISCUSSIONS ON THE RESOLUTION ON CROATIA BECAUSE OF SERB COMPLAINTS. STRINGER IVICA PULJIC REPORTS FROM NEW YORK THE RESOLUTION WAS SENT TO DAYTON FOR DISCUSSIONS. THE DISPUTED PART OF THE RESOLUTION DEALS WITH THE WORDING OF THE STATUS OF CROATIA'S EASTERN SLAVONIA REGION. (CROATIAN 11/17)

MONTENEGRIN OPPOSITION / CROATIA -- CROATIAN PRESIDENT FRANJO TUDJMAN HAS PROMOTED AN OFFICER OF THE CROATIAN ARMY, WHO HAS BEEN INDICTED BY THE INTERNATIONAL WAR CRIMES TRIBUNAL. THE MONTENEGRIN OPPOSITION CONSIDERS THAT DECISION YET ANOTHER PROOF OF THE HYPOCRISY. STRINGER BOSKO DJUKIC REPORTS FROM PODGORICA. (SERBIAN 11/18)

MONTENEGRO / ALBANIANS -- ALBANIAN POLITICAL FORCES IN MONTENEGRO ARE STRONGLY OPPOSED TO THE PROPOSITION OF PRESIDENT BULLATOVI, ON THE MAKE UP OF THE COUNCIL FOR PROTECTION OF NATIONAL AND ETHNIC GROUPS. ALBANIAN POLITICAL LEADERS SAY THAT NEW MEMBERS OF THE COUNCIL, WHO ARE REGARDED AS LOYAL REPRESENTATIVES OF THE RULING POLITICAL PARTY, DO NOT HAVE THE SUPPORT OF THE PEOPLE. STRINGER ALI SALAJ REPORTS. (ALBANIAN 11/20)

GLIGOROV / RETURN -- MACEDONIAN PRESIDENT K GLIGOROV WILL RETURN TO HIS DUTIES AFTER SEVERAL WEEKS OF RECOVERY. IN THE MEANTIME, PRIME MINISTER B CRVENKOVSKI REJECTED THE OFFER OF RESIGNATION FROM HIS MINISTER OF INTERIOR. STRINGER ZELJKO BAJIC REPORTS FROM SKOPJE. (SERBIAN 11/17)

RUSSIA / MACEDONIA -- THE POSITION OF RUSSIA TOWARDS MACEDONIA IS RAISING CONTROVERSY AMONG THE ANALYSTS IN THE SOUTH BALKANS. WHILE FORMAL STATEMENTS ON BOTH SIDES ARE CITING POSITIVE ESTIMATES OF THEIR BILATERAL RELATIONS, THE ANALYSTS NOTE THERE IS NO INTENSIVE POLITICAL DIALOG BETWEEN MOSCOW AND SKOPJE. STRINGER ZELJKO BAJIC REPORTS FROM SKOPJE. (SERBIAN 11/19)

MACEDONIA / NATO -- ACCORDING TO AN OPINION POLL, 42% OF THE CITIZENS OF MACEDONIA SEE THE FUTURE OF THEIR REPUBLIC WITH THE WEST. AND 60% OF THE CITIZENS FAVOR JOINING THE NATO. STRINGER ZELJKO BAJIC REPORTS FROM SKOPJE. (SERBIAN 11/19)

MONTENEGRO / OPPOSITION -- THE MONTENEGRIN OPPOSITION IS CLAIMING THAT THERE ARE GROSS ABUSES OF HUMAN RIGHTS IN MONTENEGRO. STRINGER BOSKO DJUKIC REPORTS FROM PODGORICA. (SERBIAN 11/19)

MEDIA / ROUND TABLE -- MEMBERS OF THE INDEPENDENT MEDIA IN YUGOSLAVIA HELD A ROUND TABLE ON THE ROLE OF MEDIA IN THE POLITICAL LIFE OF THE COUNTRY. THE DISCUSSION WAS ORGANIZED BY SERBIAN RENEWAL MOVEMENT, ONE OF THE OPPOSITION PARTIES IN SERBIA. STRINGER DUSAN MASIC REPORTS FROM BELGRADE. (SERBIAN 11/17) 20-Nov-95 6:56 PM EST (2356 UTC)
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Source: Voice of America
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[03] BOSNIA / PEACETALKS O'NITER (L) BY RON PEMSTEIN (DAYTON)

INTRO: THE BOSNIA PEACE TALKS NEAR DAYTON, OHIO, ARE COMING TO AN END TODAY. RON PEMSTEIN REPORTS FROM DAYTON THAT WHAT KIND OF AN END IS STILL TO BE DETERMINED.

TEXT: THE BOSNIA PEACE TALKS ARE IN THEIR LAST DAY. LATER TODAY, THE PRESIDENTS OF BOSNIA, SERBIA AND CROATIA MAY PUT THEIR INITIALS ON A COMPREHENSIVE AGREEMENT HERE TO END THE WAR IN BOSNIA AFTER THREE-AND-A-HALF YEARS. IF THE PRESIDENTS OF BOSNIA AND SERBIA REFUSE TO MAKE THE COMPROMISES OVER THE MAP THAT KEPT THE NEGOTIATIONS GOING PAST MIDNIGHT, THERE WILL BE A NEWS CONFERENCE TO EXPLAIN THAT FAILURE.

STATE DEPARTMENT SPOKESMAN NICHOLAS BURNS SAYS -- NO MATTER WHAT SCENARIO IS DECIDED -- SECRETARY OF STATE WARREN CHRISTOPHER AND HIS DELEGATION ARE LEAVING AFTER TODAY'S EVENT.

BY DAWN, BY THE EARLY MORNING WAKING HOURS, THIS SHOULD BE WRAPPED UP AND WE'LL PLAN THE EVENT. WHETHER IT'S A POSITIVE EVENT OR A SOMBER EVENT WE'LL JUST HAVE TO SEE.

CROATIAN PRESIDENT FRANJA TUDJMAN ARRIVED HERE AT WRIGHT-PATTERSON AIR FORCE BASE LATE LAST NIGHT FOR THE CEREMONY. STILL, THE DIFFICULT ISSUES REMAINED BETWEEN SERBIAN PRESIDENT SLOBODAN MILOSEVIC AND BOSNIA PRESIDENT ALIJA IZETBEGOVIC. MR. BURNS SAYS THE MOST-CONTENTIOUS CONCERN -- THE DIVISION OF TERRITORY BETWEEN THE MUSLIM CROAT FEDERATION AND SERBIAN ENTITY.

WHAT IMPRESSES US IS THAT WE THINK THESE COUNTRIES WANT AN AGREEMENT. WE DON'T THINK ANY COUNTRY WANTS TO WALK AWAY FROM HERE WITHOUT ONE AND THAT'S WHY WE'RE STAYING WITH THEM. WE'RE WORKING VERY HARD TO HELP THEM BRIDGE THESE GAPS.

THOSE TERRITORIAL ISSUES HAVE BEEN KNOWN SINCE THE BEGINNING OF THE TALKS HERE ON NOVEMBER FIRST. THE BOSNIA GOVERNMENT WANTS A SECURED CORRIDOR THROUGH SERB-HELD TERRITORY TO THE EASTERN ENCLAVE OF GORAZDE. THE SERBS WANT A WIDER CORRIDOR THROUGH NORTHERN BOSNIA CONNECTING THE NORTHWEST CITY OF BANJALUKA WITH SERBIA.

IF THE AGREEMENT IS INITIALED TODAY AFTER 20 DAYS, NATO WILL COMPLETE PLANNING FOR AN IMPLEMENTATION FORCE TO MAKE SURE THE TREATY IS CARRIED OUT. PRESIDENT CLINTON WILL THEN TRY TO CONVINCE A RELUCTANT CONGRESS AMERICAN TROOPS MUST BE PART OF THAT FORCE. (SIGNED) NEB / RP / TMS-T / WOD 20-Nov-95 3:13 AM EST (0813 UTC)
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Source: Voice of America
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[04] E-U/ NIGERIA (L-ONLY) BY JOHN FRASER (BRUSSELS)

INTRO: THE EUROPEAN UNION (MONDAY) AGREED ON A PACKAGE OF SANCTIONS TO PUNISH NIGERIA BECAUSE OF ITS HUMAN RIGHT ABUSES. HOWEVER, THE STEPS TAKEN DID NOT I NCLUDE AN OIL EMBARGO OR A FREEZE ON THE ASSETS OF NIGERIAN LEADERS IN BANK ACCOUNTS IN EUROPE. JOHN FRASER REPORTS FROM BRUSSELS.

TEXT: THE 15 EUROPEAN UNION FOREIGN MINISTERS STRONGLY CONDEMNED THE RECENT EXECUTIONS OF NIGERIAN WRITER KEN SARO-WIWA AND EIGHT OTHER DISSIDENTS. THEY WARNED THAT THIS CONSTITUTED A CLEAR FAILURE BY NIGERIA TO HONOR ITS COMMITMENT TO HUMAN RIGHTS.

THE SANCTIONS PACKAGE INCLUDES VISA RESTRICTIONS ON NIGERIA'S MILITARY DICTATORS AND THEIR FAMILIES, AN ARMS EMBARGO, AND A FREEZING OF AID, EXCEPT FOR HUMANITARIAN PROJECTS. THE E-U WILL REVIEW THESE MEASURES, AND NIGERIA'S REACTION TO THEM, IN THE NEXT FEW WEEKS.

BRITISH FOREIGN SECRETARY MALCOLM RIFKIND EMPHASIZES THAT THE E-U MAY YET SUPPORT AN OIL EMBARGO OR THE IMPOSITION OF A FREEZE ON BANK ACCOUNTS OF NIGERIAN LEADERS.

AN OIL EMBARGO HASN'T BEEN RULED OUT, BUT IT WOULD HAVE BEEN VERY UNWISE TO TRY TO REACH CONCLUSIONS TODAY ON AN OIL EMBARGO WITHOUT KNOWING THE VIEWS OF OTHER RELEVANT COUNTRIES. THE UNITED STATES, FOR EXAMPLE, ACCOUNTS FOR BETWEEN 50 PERCENT AND 60 PERCENT OF ALL NIGERIAN OIL EXPORTS, GO TO THE UNITED STATES. UNLESS THE UNITED STATES IS PREPARED TO BE A PART OF AN OIL EMBARGO, AND UNLESS IT HAS THE INTERNATIONAL SUPPORT THAT IS REQUIRED, IT WOULD BE VERY UNWISE FOR THE EUROPEAN UNION TO TRY AND ACT UNILATERALLY.

MR. RIFKIND ADDED THAT THE E-U WILL NOW BEGIN CONSULTATIONS WITH THE UNITED STATES AND OTHER COUNTRIES AROUND THE WORLD. HE SUGGESTS THAT ACTION WOULD BE MORE WISELY TAKEN INSIDE THE UNITED NATIONS, RATHER THAN INSIDE THE E-U ALONE. THE E-U FOREIGN MINISTERS ALSO AGREED TO OPEN DISCUSSION WITH THE UNITED STATES ON STUDYING A POSSIBLE FREE TRADE AREA. FRANCE HAS OPPOSED THIS APPROACH, BUT FELL IN LINE UNDER PRESSURE FROM ITS E-U ALLIES.

THE EUROPEAN MINISTERS DID AGREE ON MODEST MEASURES TO ALLOW EASTERN EUROPEAN STATES TO BOOST THEIR AGRICULTURE EXPORTS INTO THE E-U MARKET. HOWEVER, THE INCREASES WERE SCALED BACK SO THEY WILL HAVE A VERY MINOR EFFECT ON TRADE.

MR. RIFKIND SUGGESTED THAT THIS SETS A WORRYING PRECEDENT AT A TIME WHEN COUNTRIES OF CENTRAL AND EASTERN EUROPE ARE HOPING FOR FULL MEMBERSHIP IN THE UNION -- WHICH WOULD RESULT IN FREE TRADE. (SIGNED) NEB/JF/CB-T/BG 20-Nov-95 5:44 PM EST (2244 UTC)
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Source: Voice of America
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[05] E-U / MINISTERS (L) BY JOHN FRASER (BRUSSELS)

INTRO: ISRAELI LEADER SHIMON PERES HAS MADE HIS FIRST FOREIGN TRIP SINCE THE ASSASSINATION OF YITZHAK RABIN, WITH A VISIT MONDAY TO BRUSSELS TO SIGN AN ACCORD WITH THE EUROPEAN UNION. JOHN FRASER IN BRUSSELS REPORTS THAT MR. PERES SAID ISRAEL REMAINS COMMITTED TO PEACE, AND HE URGED SYRIAN TO ENTER CONSTRUCTIVE NEGOTIATIONS.

TEXT: MR. PERES GAVE HIS THANKS TO THE E-U FOREIGN MINISTERS FOR THEIR SUPPORT AND GOOD WISHES FOLLOWING THE ASSASSINATION OF YITZHAK RABIN. HE TOLD THEM MR. RABIN HAD BECOME A MARTYR FOR PEACE, AND THAT IT HAS BEEN A TRYING TIME FOR HIS COUNTRY.

BY THE ASSASSINATION OF MR. RABIN, THE WORLD HAS LOST A GREAT STATESMAN, AND ISRAEL HAS LOST ITS CAPTAIN FOR PEACE. THEN, WE HAVE AND WE SHALL CONTINUE.

MR. PERES ADDED THAT ISRAEL IS COMMITTED TO PEACE, NOT BECAUSE IT IS BEING FORCED TO GO ALONG THAT ROAD, BUT BECAUSE IT CHOOSES THIS PATH. HE EXPRESSED HIS SURPRISE AT THE ABSENCE OF CONDOLENCES FROM SYRIA FOLLOWING THE ASSASSINATION OF PRIME MINISTER RABIN. BUT, HE EXPRESSED HIS WILLINGNESS TO MEET THE SYRIANS AT A CONFERENCE ON THE MEDITERRANEAN REGION, WHICH IS BEING HELD IN SPAIN NEXT WEEK.

NOW, FOR US, WE HAVE SAID THAT WINNING PEACE IS EVEN MORE IMPORTANT THAN WINNING THE ELECTION, AND WE DON'T CHANGE OUR MINDS. WE ARE READY TO GO SERIOUSLY AND DEEPLY IN THE PEACE NEGOTIATION WITH THE SYRIANS. I HOPE THE SYRIANS DO UNDERSTAND THAT PEACE NEGOTIATION IS A GIVE AND TAKE SITUATION. WE KNOW THE READINESS ON THE PART OF THE SYRIANS CONCERNING THE TAKING. WE WOULD ALSO LIKE TO CLARIFY THE SYRIAN POSITION ON GIVING.

MR. PERES SAID THAT IT HAS TAKEN HIS COUNTRY 20 YEARS TO NEGOTIATE AN AGREEMENT TO ENHANCE ITS RELATIONS WITH THE EUROPEAN UNION. HE SAID THE DEAL IS NOT JUST ABOUT TRADE, BUT ALSO WILL BOOST COOPERATION IN RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT.

HE SAID THAT IN THE PAST, EUROPE HAS DOMINATED THE MIDDLE EAST. BUT HE SAYS EUROPE NOW IS OFFERING SOMETHING MORE NOBLE, WITH A DESIRE TO BE A CONTRIBUTOR TO THE REGION, AND NOT A DOMINATOR. (SIGNED)

NEB/JF/JWH/CF
20-Nov-95 8:50 AM EST (1350 UTC)
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Source: Voice of America
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[06] EUROPE / SHELL CONSUMER BOYCOTT BY WILLIAM EAGLE (WASHINGTON)

INTRO: ENVIRONMENTAL AND HUMAN RIGHTS GROUPS ARE TARGETTING ROYAL / DUTCH SHELL, BLAMING THE COMPANY FOR STANDING ON THE SIDELINES AS NIGERIA MOVED TOWARD THE EXECUTION OF POLITICAL ACTIVIST KEN SARO WIWA MORE THAN ONE WEEK AGO. GREENPEACE HAS BACKED A ONE-DAY BOYCOTT OF SHELL PETROL STATIONS. GROUPS IN GERMANY ARE CONTINUING THEIR CALL FOR A BOYCOTT OF SHELL. WILLIAM EAGLE IN WASHINGTON REPORTS.

TEXT: SHELL HAS REITERATED ITS STAND THAT THE RECENT EXECUTIONS OF NINE NIGERIAN HUMAN RIGHTS ACTIVISTS WERE AN INTERNAL MATTER. SHELL REPRESENTATIVES SAY THE COMPANY DOES NOT INTERFERE IN DOMESTIC POLITICS AND HAS LITTLE INFLUENCE WITH THE NIGERIAN GOVERNMENT.

HUMAN RIGHTS ADVOCATES URGE SHELL TO GET INVOLVED, ARGUING THAT SHELL OIL REVENUES ARE THE MAIN FORM OF SUPPORT FOR NIGERIA'S MILITARY DICTATORS.

CINDY BAXTER IS A PRESS OFFICER FOR GREENPEACE INTERNATIONAL IN LONDON:

THE LAST TWO DAYS OF LAST WEEK -- FRIDAY AND SATURDAY -- WE HAD ROLLING PROTESTS AGAINST SHELL -- ASKING PEOPLE NOT TO BUY SHELL PETROL FOR A DAY. IT STARTED OFF IN NEW ZEALAND, WHERE THEY HAD THREE CITIES TARGETED. THE RESPONSE FROM THE PUBLIC WAS GOOD. IN THE UNITED KINGDOM, ABOUT 100 STATIONS WERE TARGETTED AND AGAIN THERE WAS A GOOD RESPONSE. THE ONE I WAS AT THERE WERE ONLY FOUR PEOPLE WHO FILLED THEIR TANKS ALTOGETHER -- AND FROM THE NUMBER OF CARS DRIVING PAST HONKING -- SEEMED TO INDICATE A LOT OF SUPPORT FROM THE PUBLIC. AND [IN DUBLIN] IRELAND THEY DID AN ACTION AT A SHELL STATION THERE -- THEY HAD THREE PEOPLE ON THE ROOF CALLING ON THE PUBLIC NOT TO BUY SHELL PRODUCTS FOR THE DAY.

CINDY BAXTER SAYS GREENPEACE DOES NOT PLAN TO CALL FOR A PERMANENT BOYCOTT OF SHELL BUT IT DOES SEEK AN EMBARGO AGAINST OIL FROM NIGERIA. WESTERN COUNTRIES APPEAR UNWILLING TO BOYCOTT NIGERIA. NIGERIA'S MILITARY GOVERNMENT IS NOT SEEN AS A THREAT TO WESTERN INTERESTS IN THE SAME WAY AS IRAQ, LIBYA OR IRAN WHERE AMERICAN SANCTIONS. ARE IN PLACE.

CINDY BAXTER SAYS NIGERIA'S LEADERSHIP IS JUST AS BAD OR WORCE THAN SADDAM HUSSEIN OF IRAQ.

WE REALLY THINK THE OIL EMBARGO IS THE WAY TO GO. I KNOW NELSON MANDELA (SOUTH AFRICA PRESIDENT) WHO IS REALLY PUSHING FOR IT IN TERMS OF HUMAN RIGHTS. HE'S ALSO TAKING IT UP WITH THE GOVERNMENT OF CHINA AND THE UNITED KINGDOM. I REALLY CAN'T SPEAK FOR WHAT U-S PEOPLE ARE THINKING, BUT IN TERMS OF DEMONIZATION, I THINK THAT GENERAL ABACHA IS EQUALLY AS BAD IF NOT WORSE THAN SADDAM HUSSEIN.

ANOTHER GROUP READY TO PRESSURE SHELL IS THE LUXEMBOURG-BASED SOCIETY FOR ENDANGERED PEOPLES. ITS SPOKESMAN, ULRICH DELIUS [OOL'-RIK DEL'-EE-US], SAYS IT SEEKS A COALITION FOR A CONSUMER BOYCOTT OF SHELL. MR. DELIUS SAYS SHELL'S GERMAN SUBSIDIARY CAN BE PERSUADED TO SEEK POLICY CHANGES IN NIGERIA.

MR. DELIUS' SOCIETY SEEKS THE WITHDRAWAL OF THE SEVEN THOUSAND MEMBER SPECIAL SECURITY FORCE FROM OGONILAND WHERE MANY POLICE KILLINGS AND PROTESTS HAVE OCCURRED. THEY ALSO WANT A REVERSAL OF THE ENVIRONMENTAL DEGRADATION OF NIGERIA'S NIGER DELTA REGION DAMAGED BY OIL SPILLS. MR. DELIUS SAYS MANY ARE SEEKING CHANGE.

I'M SURE THE IMAGE OF SHELL HAS BEEN SUFFERING A LOT HERE IN GERMANY OVER THE LAST ONE AND A HALF WEEKS SINCE THE HANGING OF KEN SARO WIWA. I HOPE THEY WILL USE THEIR INFLUENCE IN THE SHELL CONSORTIUM TO CHANGE THE POLICIES OF SHELL INTERNATIONAL AND SHELL NIGERIA.

A CONSUMER BOYCOTT AGAINST SHELL WAS ORGANIZED LAST YEAR TO PROTEST PLANS FOR SINKING THE BRENT SPAR -- AN OIL PLATFORM FILLED WITH TOXIC WASTE -- OFF THE NORTH EAST ATLANTIC. THE BOYCOTT LAST JUNE WAS FOLLOWED BY A DROP OF UP TO 30 PERCENT OF SHELL'S INCOME IN GERMANY. SHELL REVISED ITS PLANS.

REINER WINZENRIED OF SHELL ARGUES THERE IS A DIFFERENCE BETWEEN THE BRENT SPAR ISSUE AND INFLUENCING NIGERIAN POLITICS.

THE BOYCOTT AGAINST SHELL IS WRONG AND UNJUST AND POINTLESS BECAUSE SHELL PLAYED NO PART IN THE ARREST, TRIAL OR EXECUTION OF KEN SARO WIWA. THERE IS NOT JUSTIFICATION.

MR. WINZENRIED SAYS SHELL AND ITS PARTNERS -- AGIP AND FRENCH ELF -- INVEST HEAVILY IN NIGERIA AND THAT IS A BENEFIT FOR BENEFIT OF THE NIGERIAN PEOPLE. (SIGNED)

AFR/WE/CF
20-Nov-95 1:16 PM EST (1816 UTC)
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Source: Voice of America
.

[07] GREECE/PAPANDREOU (L ONLY) BY ANTHEE CARASSAVAS (ATHENS)

INTRO: GREEK PRIME MINISTER ANDREAS PAPANDREOU HAS BEEN RUSHED TO A LOCAL HOSPITAL WITH RESPIRATORY PROBLEMS. IT IS THE SECOND TIME IN TWO-MONTHS THE AILING PRIME MINISTER HAS SUFFERED A HEALTH PROBLEM. ANTHEE CARASSAVAS REPORTS FOR V-O-A NEWS FROM ATHENS.

TEXT: PRIME MINISTER ANDREAS PAPANDREOU WAS RUSHED TO THE ONASSIS CARDIAC HOSPITAL AFTER CANCELLING A SPECIAL MEETING OF SOCIALIST PARTY DEPUTIES.

A MEDICAL COMMUNIQUE SAID THE PRIME MINISTER WAS ADMITTED FOR TESTS AFTER EXPERIENCING BREATHING PROBLEMS AND A POSSIBLE LUNG INFECTION. DOCTORS HAVE NOT ISSUED A MORE DETAILED STATEMENT. THE 76-YEAR-OLD SOCIALIST LEADER IS IN AN INTENSIVE CARE UNIT.

GREEK MEDIA SAY MR. PAPANDREOU SUFFERED FROM DEHYDRATION AND VOMITING DURING THE WEEKEND. IT IS THE SECOND TIME IN TWO MONTHS THE GREEK SOCIALIST LEADER HAS SHOWN SIGNS OF A DETERIORATING HEALTH.

MR. PAPANDREOU UNDERWENT A TRIPLE BY-PASS SURGERY AND HEART VALVE CHANGE SEVEN-YEARS AGO.

HIS ALLEGEDLY FRAIL HEALTH HAS BEEN AT THE CENTER OF DISPUTE SINCE HE RETURNED TO POWER IN OCTOBER 1993. MR. PANPADREOU FIRST TOOK OFFICE IN 1981, WHEN HE BECAME GREECE'S FIRST SOCIALIST PRIME MINISTER. HE WAS RE-ELECTED IN 1985.

HIS POLITICAL CAREER HAS BEEN LACED WITH DEBATE ABOUT HIS PRESENT WIFE, DIMITRA, A FORMER AIRLINE ATTENDANT WHO FOR SOME YEARS WAS MR. PANPANDREOU'S MISTRESS. POLITICAL OPPONENTS NOW CHARGE SHE HAS UNDUE POWER OVER HER HUSBAND.

FOR THE PAST YEAR, MANY MEMBERS OF MR. PAPANDREOU'S SOCIALIST PARTY HAVE BEEN TRYING TO NUDGE HIM OUT HIS POSITION AS HEAD OF THE PARTY. (SIGNED)

NEB/AC/MH/RAE
20-Nov-95 12:01 PM EST (1701 UTC)
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Source: Voice of America
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[08] U-S/BOSNIA MILITARY BY DAVID GOLLUST (PENTAGON)

INTRO: INITIALLING OF THE BOSNIAN PEACE AGREEMENT IN DAYTON WILL PUT (EDS: OR HAS PUT) PREPARATIONS FOR DEPLOYMENT OF A NATO-LED PEACEKEEPING FORCE FOR BOSNIA INTO HIGH-GEAR. FIRST TO ARRIVE WILL BE NATO LOGISTICAL SURVEY TEAMS. V-O-A'S DAVID GOLLUST REPORTS FROM THE PENTAGON.

TEXT: PENTAGON OFFICIALS SAY A VANGUARD OF ABOUT 15-HUNDRED LOGISTICS SPECIALISTS WILL HEAD TO BOSNIA WITHIN A FEW DAYS AFTER THE INITIALLING TO LAY THE GROUNDWORK FOR WHAT WILL BE NATO'S BIGGEST MILITARY UNDERTAKING EVER.

THE ADVANCE TEAM -- ABOUT 400 OF THEM AMERICANS -- WILL OPEN HEADQUARTERS, BUILD COMMUNICATIONS NETWORKS, REPAIR ROADS AND AIRFIELDS AND OTHERWISE PREPARE THE WAY FOR THE ARRIVAL OF THE HEAVILY-ARMED NATO-LED FORCE OF SOME 60-THOUSAND TROOPS.

THE DISPATCH OF THE ADVANCE ELEMENTS -- EVEN BEFORE THE PEACE ACCORD IS FORMALLY SIGNED -- IS ESSENTIAL BECAUSE OF THE RAPID TIMETABLE FOR DEPLOYMENT OF THE PEACE IMPLEMENTATION FORCE.

WITHIN HOURS AFTER ACTUAL SIGNING, THE FIRST MEMBERS OF THE FORCE -- PROBABLY FROM THE U-S ARMY'S FIRST ARMORED DIVISION NOW TRAINING IN GERMANY -- WOULD BE AIRLIFTED INTO BOSNIA.

THE REST OF THE TROOPS, ALONG WITH THEIR EQUIPMENT INCLUDING 60-TON BATTLE TANKS AND HEAVY ARTILLERY, WILL BEGIN MOVING TOWARD BOSNIA BY AIR, RAIL AND ROAD -- WITH SOME EXPECTED TO USE HUNGARY AS A STAGING GROUND.

THE DEPLOYMENTS, EXPECTED TO TAKE 45 DAYS OR MORE TO COMPLETE, ARE TO GO FORWARD DESPITE THE CONSIDERABLE OPPOSITION TO U-S INVOLVEMENT IN BOSNIA IN THE CONGRESS. THE ADMINISTRATION SAYS PRESIDENT CLINTON HAS THE AUTHORITY, AS COMMANDER IN CHIEF, TO DISPATCH THE FORCES -- AND THAT A CONVINCING CASE FOR A LEADING U-S ROLE WILL BE MADE TO THE AMERICAN PEOPLE IN THE COMING WEEKS.

DEFENSE DEPARTMENT SPOKESMAN KEN BACON SAYS AMERICAN INVOLVEMENT HAS BEEN, AND WILL BE ESSENTIAL AT EVERY POINT, TO END EUROPE'S MOST SERIOUS CONFLICT SINCE WORLD WAR TWO:

THE BOSNIANS HAVE MADE IT VERY CLEAR THAT THEY WON'T SIGN A PEACE AGREEMENT WITHOUT AMERICAN PARTICIPATION IN THE PEACE IMPLEMENTATION FORCE. THE PLANNING FOR THE PEACE IMPLEMENTATION FORCE HAS BEEN LED BY AN AMERICAN GENERAL. THE THEATER COMMANDER WILL BE AN AMERICAN ADMIRAL. THE NEGOTIATORS WHO HAVE PUT THIS PEACE AGREEMENT TOGETHER ARE AMERICANS. THERE'S BEEN AMERICAN LEADERSHIP AT EVERY STAGE OF THIS PROCESS. AND I DON'T THINK THE PROCESS WOULD HAVE GONE FORWARD WITHIOUT AMERICAN LEADERSHIP. NOR DO I THINK IT WILL CONTINUE WITHOUT AMERICAN LEADERSHIP AND PARTICIPATION.

THE CHIEF INITIAL OBJECTIVES OF THE IMPLEMENTATION FORCE WILL BE TO SET UP ZONES OF SEPARATION BETWEEN THE PARTIES AND PREVENT -- USING LETHAL FORCE IF NECESSARY -- TRUCE VIOLATIONS. THE U-S CONTINGENT -- NUMBERING ABOUT 20-THOUSAND TROOPS WILL BE HEADQUARTERED IN TUZLA AND BE RESPONSIBLE FOR SECURITY IN THE EASTERN PART OF THE COUNTRY.

THE TWO OTHER MAIN CONTRIBUTING COUNTRIES TO THE FORCE -- BRITAIN AND FRANCE -- WILL PATROL WESTERN AND SOUTHERN BOSNIA RESPECTIVELY. IN ADDITION TO THE NATO MEMBER STATES, SEVERAL OF THE PARTNERSHIP FOR PEACE COUNTRIES OF CENTRAL AND EASTERN EUROPE ARE EXPECTED TO TAKE PART IN THE IMPLEMENTION FORCE ALONG WITH SOME MUSLIM STATES.

AN ESTIMATED TWO THOUSAND RUSSIAN TROOPS WILL PARTICIPATE AS AN ADJUNCT TO AMERICAN FORCES UNDER A SPECIAL ARRANGEMENT LEAVING THEM -- TECHNICALLY -- OUTSIDE THE NATO COMMAND STRUCTURE. U-S DEFENSE SECRETARY WILLIAM PERRY MEETS HIS RUSSIAN COUNTERPART PAVEL GRACHEV IN BRUSSELS AGAIN NEXT WEEK TO FINALIZE POLITICAL DETAILS OF THE UNPRECEDENTED RUSSIAN ROLE. (SIGNED)

NEB/DAG/MMK
20-Nov-95 3:45 PM EST (2045 UTC)
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Source: Voice of America
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[09] YUGO SITREP (L ONLY) BY WAYNE COREY (VIENNA)

INTRO: AS THE YUGOSLAV PEACE TALKS NEAR A CONCLUSION (IN DAYTON, OHIO), MILLIONS OF PEOPLE IN EUROPE ARE ANXIOUSLY WAITING TO LEARN WHETHER THERE WILL BE MORE WAR OR, FINALLY, PEACE IN THE BALKANS. V-O-A'S CENTRAL EUROPEAN CORRESPONDENT WAYNE COREY REPORTS.

TEXT: IN THE HOURS BEFORE AN ANNOUNCEMENT WAS EXPECTED ON THE RESULTS OF THE PEACE TALKS, THERE IS GROWING ANXIETY THAT PEACE IN THE BALKANS MAY SLIP THROUGH THE MEDIATORS' HANDS.

THE MOST PROMISING INDICATION THAT AN AGREEMENT WAS LIKELY WAS CROATIAN PRESIDENT FRANJO TUDJMAN'S RETURN TO THE NEGOTIATIONS AT AN AIR FORCE BASE IN OHIO.

AFTER HE RETURNED, CROATIAN TELEVISION REPORTED A CONSTITUTIONAL AGREEMENT THAT WOULD RULE OUT THE SECESSION OF SERB TERRITORY FROM BOSNIA-HERZEGOVINA. BUT, THE SERBS SAY THEY WOULD USE POLITICAL MEANS, AT LEAST FOR A WHILE, TO TRY TO GET THEIR INDEPENDENCE. MEANWHILE, THERE IS _NO_ FURTHER INDICATION FROM SARAJEVO, BELGRADE, OR ZAGREB AS TO WHETHER AN OVERALL BOSNIAN PEACE AGREEMENT IS IMMINENT. INSTEAD, THERE IS RAMPANT SPECULATION ABOUT WHAT TERRITORIAL ISSUES MAY OR MAY _NOT_ HAVE BEEN RESOLVED. BOSNIAN CROATS SAY THEY WILL FIGHT, IF NECESSARY, TO PREVENT THE SERBS FROM KEEPING THE NARROW POSAVINA CORRIDOR THAT LINKS SERB-HELD LAND IN EASTERN AND WESTERN BOSNIA. CLEARLY, ONE OF THE MOST DIFFICULT ISSUES IS STILL THE FUTURE OF SARAJEVO. THE MUSLIM-LED BOSNIAN GOVERNMENT WANTS IT UNITED. THE SERBS WANT TO KEEP SERB-DOMINATED AREAS OF THE BOSNIAN CAPITAL.

EVEN IF A PEACE AGREEMENT IS REACHED, EUROPEAN DIPLOMATS FEAR IT WILL _NOT_ LEAD TO A PERMANENT END OF HOSTILITIES IN BOSNIA BECAUSE IT WILL HAVE BEEN IMPOSED ON THE WARRING FORCES.

THE DIPLOMATS SAY THE WARRING SIDES MAY AGREE TO ALMOST ANYTHING, IF FORCED TO. BUT ONCE THE PRESSURE IS RELIEVED, THE DIPLOMATS SAY THE MUSLIMS OR SERBS MAY BEGIN TO THINK ABOUT WHAT COULD STILL BE ACHIEVED ON THE BATTLEFIELD.

COLD WINTER WEATHER AND SNOW WOULD DISCOURAGE HEAVY FIGHTING IN THE COMING MONTHS EVEN IF THERE IS _NO_ PEACE AGREEMENT FOR BOSNIA-HERZEGOVINA. BUT, THE WARRING FORCES COULD REST AND RE-ARM AND GET READY FOR MORE FIGHTING WHEN MILD, SPRING WEATHER ARRIVES IN THE BALKANS. (SIGNED)

NEB/WC/JWH/ART
20-Nov-95 10:33 AM EST (1533 UTC)
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Source: Voice of America